Mosambi
6. SOCIAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
6.3 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND TRANSFER
studies and seminars were considered by more than 95% of trainees as necessary for improving the impact of the training programmes.
6.2.6 Evaluation Capacity Building in Rural Resource Management: A Pilot Action Research on Program Evaluation
The main objective of this project is to build program evaluation capacity among rural resource management program staff in India through development of a cadre of evaluators who will be willing and able to conduct evaluation of educational and/or developmental programs through “train the trainer approach”. A manual on evaluation (along with cases) was prepared and final report of the project submitted.
The project has resulted in the development of a training module on evaluation that can be used as a resource material on evaluation by the trainers. The project has also resulted in the development of 20 cases on evaluation of selected research and developmental projects, which will be resource materials for trainers and planners.
6.2.7 Taking Wheat Cultivation Technology to Remote and Tribal Areas
A total of 155 frontline demonstrations of 11 wheat varieties were conducted during 2006-07 in the farmers’ fields in an area of 66 hectares in Jhabua, Indore, Rewa, Sidhi and Mandla districts with special emphasis on remote and tribal areas. Variety-wise increase in yield over respective check/s was 54% for HI 1500, 46% for HW 2004, 61% for HI 1531, 63% for HD 4672, 59% for HI 8627, 52% for HI 8638, 92%
for HI 1479, 93% for HI 8381, 88% for HI 8498, 80% for DL 788-2 and 93% for HI 1454.
During 2007-08, a total of 169 FLDs were conducted in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.
Despite severe drought, particularly in eastern M.P., in 84 demonstration fields there has been least effect of drought, generating high enthusiasm among farmers for “Dry Sowing Limited Irrigation Technology” for improving the productivity and profitability of wheat crop. In nearly 75%
fields, the crop raised following local method will either force- mature or dry up.
6.2.8 Alleviating Malnutrition through Popularization of Consumption of Durum Wheat
An extensive campaign for popularizing the consumption of durum wheat through the sale of durum
products, e.g., dalia (porridge), semolina and flour, is being pursued since 2004 to create wide awareness for inclusion of durum preparations in the daily diet.
6.3 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
Assessment and promotion of improved crop varieties (kharif 2007). Bajra variety Proagro 9444, Guar variety HG 365, Bhindi variety Varsha Uphar, moong variety Pusa Vishal, and Cowpea variety RJ 19 gave an average yield of 2 tonnes, 1.03 tonnes, 10.90 tonnes, 0.53 tonne, and 7.87 tonnes per ha, respectively. Arhar varieties (P 992, P 991, P 2002, P 855 and P 2001) were introduced as new crop/ varieties to the area and among these P 992 gave the highest average yield (0.78 tonne/ha) followed by P 2001 ( 0.73 tonne/ha).
6.3.1.2 Agri-horti system in peri-urban areas of Ghaziabad and Baghpat districts
Promotion of improved varieties in Baghpat and Ghaziabad districts. In Baghpat district, wheat varieties HD 2329 gave the highest yield (5.33 tonnes/ha) followed by HD 2428 (5.25 tonnes /ha) as compared to that given by the local check (3.62 tonnes /ha). Mustard varieties Pusa Jaikisan and JD 6 gave 39.03% and 38.20% higher yield in comparison to that given by local varieties (1.45 tonnes /ha).
In Ghaziabad district, among wheat varieties HD 2824 gave the highest average yield followed by HD 2329. These varieties gave 47% and 46% more yields that local checks.
Among mustard varieties, Pusa Bold (53.87%) and Pusa Jaikisan (43.16%) yielded higher than the local check. The gram variety BG 362 was the new introduction in the area.
Kharif 2007. In Ghaziabad district, the demonstrations on paddy varieties PRH 10, PB1 and PS 4 yielded on an average 7.61 tonnes, 5.41 tonnes and 4.66 tonnes per hectare, respectively in comparison to the yield of local check (3.78 tonnes). Demonstrations on arhar (Pusa 992) resulted in an
average yield of 2.61 tonnes/ha.
The average yield of bottle gourd (Pusa Samridhi) and bhindi (Arkanamika) was to the tune of 28.22 tonnes and 13.20 tonnes per hectare, respectively.
In Baghpat district, 65 demonstrations on paddy varieties, PRH 10, PB1 and PS 4 yielded on an average 6.64 tonnes, 4.82 tonnes and 4.52 tonnes per hectare, respectively.
Bottle gourd ( Pusa Samriddhi) gave an average yield of 25.55 tonnes/ha.
Yield performance of different crops in Ghaziabad district (U.P.), during kharif 2007
Crop (variety) Area Yield (tonnes per hectare) % increase (ha) Max Ave. Local over local / control Bhindi (Arkanamica) 4.0 13.92 13.20 10.55 25.15
Bottle gourd 2.8 28.87 28.22 22.12 33.03
(Pusa Samridhi)
Arhar (P 992) 5.0 2.35 2.10 1.20 71.75
Moong (Pusa Vishal) 1.2 0.92 0.81 0.56 46.25 Paddy
PRH 10 6.0 8.25 7.61 101.48
PB 1 8.0 5.51 5.14 36.0
PS 4 10.0 5.32 4.66 3.78 23.49
Over all 24.0 8.25 5.56 47.14
6.3.1.3 Sustainable rice-wheat based production system in irrigated areas (Patiala district - Punjab, Gautam Budh Nagar and Bulandshahr districts, U.P.)
Under varietal diversification through seeds production programme of improved IARl varieties, wheat seeds of HD 2733 (10.00 tonnes), HD 2851 (12.90 tonnes) and WR 544 (8.00 tonnes) and paddy seeds of Pusa 44 (30.0 tonnes) and Pusa 1121 (9.22 tonnes) were produced at the farm of Young Farmers’ Association at Rakhra, Patiala. Hybrid seed of paddy PRH 10 (0.29 tonne) was also produced at Badshahpur village, Faridabad district.
All the six wheat varieties under demonstration in Gautam Budh Nagar (U.P.) performed better than the local
Assessment and promotion of improved crop varieties (rabi-2006-07)
Crop Variety No. of Area Av. yield Local yield % increase
demonstrations (ha) (tonnes/ha) (tonnes/ha)
Mustard Pusa Bold 22 20.00 1.72 1.46 17.80
Pusa Jaikisan 27 20.00 1.66 13.76
JD 6 34 25.60 1.50 2.74
Pusa Jagannath 11 8.40 1.68 16.43
Gram BG 372 19 8.00 1.88 1.60 15.00
BG 362 21 7.68 1.64 2.50
Pea AP 1 43 2.40 3.20 New introduction
Wheat Raj 3675 9 2.40 4.55 4.20 5.95
Kundan 29 11.20 4.80 11.90
WH 711 3 1.20 4.62 10.00
Methi PEB 10 1.88 1.80 1.72 4.60
Tomato PH1 5 1.00 12.50 New introduction
check. HD 2733 was the top yielder with an average yield of 5.63 tonnes /ha. Wheat varieties, HD 2824, HD 2733, PBW 343, HD 2285, PBW 502 and HD 2643 gave an average yield of 5.44 tonnes, 5.63 tonnes, 5.47 tonnes., 4.75 tonnes, 5.00 tonnes and 4.30 tonnes per hectare, respectively against 4.10 tonnes/ha of local check (UP 2338). The ear head of HD 2824 variety is long. This is very popular among the farmers.
More tillering and no lodging was observed in HD 2733 variety of wheat.
1.12 tonnes in comparison to 0.87 tonne/ha of local check variety (PS 10).
6.3.2 Farmer Participatory Seed Production in Different Villages
Farmers’ participatory seed production programme in major crops like rice, wheat, arhar and gram initiated by CATAT was useful to the farmers of Sonepat, Faridabad and Gurgaon districts in Haryana, Bulandshahr and Mathura districts in UP, Patiala district in Punjab, and Jhunjhunu district in Rajasthan. The total seed production was 58.64 tonnes of wheat, 8.23 tonnes of gram, 65.12 tonnes of paddy and 11.45 tonnes of arhar.
This programme helped the farmers not only in saving the money and time for procuring HYV seeds but also timely sowing of their crops. The seeds of these crops were produced by farmers themselves under the guidance of scientists of the Institute, and made available to other farmers through farmer-to- farmer seed exchange programme. Part of seed produced was sold back to IARI or to farmers at Pusa Krishi Vigyan Mela for increased income.
6.3.3 Joint Bio-fertilizer Extension Programme (IARI - NFL)
During rabi 2006-07, a total of 58 demonstrations on use of bio-fertilisers for seed treatment with Azotobacter + PSB (in mustard and wheat) and with Rhizobium + PSB (in gram and pea) were also laid. These were for: mustard (17), wheat (23), pea (12) and gram (6) conducted in Gurgaon district (Haryana), Jhunjhunu district (Rajasthan) and Sonepat district (Haryana).
In all the demonstrations, the yield under treatment plots was higher than that of the control. Farmers liked these biofertilizers and showed keen interest to use them in future.
Mustard varieties, JD 6, Pusa Bold and Pusa Jaikisan gave average yields of 1.99 tonnes, 1.97 tonnes, and 2. 0 tonnes/ha, respectively against 1.50 tonnes/ha of local check (Rohini). Fourteen kg oil from 40 kg mustard (cv. Pusa Jaikisan) was obtained against 11 kg of oil from local variety.
During kharif 2007 demonstrations, paddy varieties P 1121, P 2511 and PRH 10 gave an average yield of 5.24 tonnes, 5.47 tonnes and 6.5 tonnes, respectively, in comparison to 4.7 tonnes/ha of local check variety (Sarbati).
The market value of paddy P 1121 was the highest. It has good cooking quality.
The yield of PRH 10 was the highest compared to the yields of other varieties of paddy. Farmers like PRH 10 variety because of its early maturity and low incidence of pests and diseases. Jowar (PC 9) gave an average fodder yield of 78.37 tonnes in comparison to 62.5 tonnes/ha of local check variety (Hari Ganga). Four demonstrations of moong (Pusa Vishal) gave an average yield of
Performance of bio-fertilizer demonstrations in Jhunjhunu district (Rajasthan), Sonepat and Gurgaon districts in Haryana (rabi 2006-07)
Crop Variety No. of Area Av. yield Control yield %
demon- (acre) (tonnes/ha) (tonnes/ha) increase strations
Mustard Pusa Jagannath 15 6.0 1.82 1.65 10.05
Pusa Bold 2 1.2 2.17 31.74
Pea (vegetable) Azad Pea 1 12 4.8 6.23 5.54 12.45
Gram BG 372 6 2.4 1.93 1.73 11.56
Wheat WH 711 16 6.4 4.94 4.59 7.58
HD 2733 7 3.2 5.14 11.82
Yield performance of different crops in Gautam Budh Nagar : rabi 2006-07
Crop Variety No. of Area Av. yield Local % increase demon- (ha) tonnes/ha yield in av. yield strations
Wheat HD 2824 8 3.20 5.44 4.10 32.78
HD 2733 10 4.00 5.63 37.32
PBW 343 3 1.20 5.47 33.41
HD 2285 2 0.80 4.75 15.85
PBW 502 1 0.40 5.00 21.95
HD 2643 3 1.20 4.30 04.88
Mustard JD 6 9 3.60 1.99 1.50 32.93
Pusa Bold 4 1.60 1.97 31.67
Pusa Jaikisan 1 0.40 2.00 33.33
During kharif 2007, sixty demonstrations on the use of bio-fertilizers in bajra, paddy, green gram, sorghum and cowpea were conducted. Farmers rated (Azotobactor/
Rhizobium +PSB) treatment high as the crop growth was much better than that of the local control. Maximum gain in term of yield was observed in the case of bajra where Azotobactor+PSB was used. The use of liquid bio-agents gave 8.59% higher yield compared to that of control.
One training programme was organized at each site on the importance and scope of bio-fertilizer in crop production.
Two field days were also organized at each site at flowering and seed setting stages.
6.3.4 Front Line Demonstrations (FLDs)
Twenty five FLDs on wheat were conduced in 13 villages of Bulandshahr and Gautam Budh Nagar districts in UP and Faridabad district in Haryana covering an area of 14 ha. Seventeen demonstrations were conducted on newly released varieties of wheat, PBW 502, HD 2851 and WR 544. Four demonstrations each on zero tillage and use of biofertilizer (Azotobacter + PSB) were also conducted. While the average yield of PBW 502 was the highest (5.01 tonnes/
ha) among all the wheat varieties demonstrated, the B:C ratio of HD 2851 was the highest (2.65) followed by WR 544 (2.45). The demonstrations on the use of biofertilizers resulted in 4.10% increase in the yield. The zero tillage
practice resulted in 6.39% increase in yield over that of the control plot.
To reduce the technological and yield gaps of the farmers’ fields, 37 frontline demonstrations were laid out during the year in Samastipur, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, and Vaishali districts of Bihar. The demonstrations related to the use of bio-fertilizers–Azatobacter and PSB (14), zero-tillage technology (06), and new improved wheat varieties (17). The size of each FLD was of 1 hectare.
The first tropical wheat, CoW (W)1 developed at IARI, Regional Station, Wellington matures in just 90 days under the conditions obtaining in the areas adjoining Southern hills and still yields 2.5 – 3.0 t/ha. To popularize this variety, the front line demonstrations were carried out by the Directorate of Wheat Research. The resource poor farmers from non–
traditional areas are adopting this wheat as an alternate choice crop during rabi for their lively-hood security.
Front line demonstrations on wheat and barley were conducted the by Tutikandi Centre of IARI Regional Station, Amartara Cottage, Shimla in 4 villages under Shimla, Bilaspur and Kinnaur districts of Himachal Pradesh. The performance of the new wheat variety Shivalik was very good under late sown condition with a mean yield of 2.3 t/ha with 15% increase over that of the local checks. Barley variety BHS 352 gave an average yield of 2.0 t/ha with an increase of 17 - 25% over that of the local checks.
During kharif 2007, 100 FLDs were conduced on maize in Bulandshahr and Gautam Budh Nagar, Ghaziabad and Aligarh districts in U.P. and Delhi covering an area of 25 ha.
Demonstartions were conducted on the latest varieties of maize: 32A-09, HQPM 1, 32T-25, NMH 589, 30V-92 and HM 4. Five demonstrations were destroyed due to water logging. Among the varieties, NMH 589 gave the highest grain yield of 3.31 tonnes/ha.
Farmers in NCR region found maize more remunerative if they sell the cob. For cob, variety 32T-25 gave the highest cob yield of 13.32 tonnes/ha.
Front line demonstrations on wheat-rabi 2006-07
Name of the demonstration No. of Av. yield % increase Gross Net return B : C ratio demon- (tonnes/ha) in av. yield return over
strations of variety (Rs/ha) operational cost (Rs/ha)
Latest variety 17
Control (PBW 343, 4.02 - 48190 27315 2.31
PBW 159, WH 711)
PBW 502 8 5.01 24.52 60057 34897 2.38
HD 2851 4 4.87 21.14 58265 36307 2.65
WR 544 5 4.70 17.01 56438 33418 2.45
Application of biofertilizer 4
Control 4.26 - 50999 27811 2.20
Use of Azatobacter and PSB 4.44 4.10 53161 30231 2.32
Zero tillage 4
Control 4.01 - 48057 24792 2.06
Use of zero tillage 4.26 6.39 50989 31471 2.61
Total no. of demonstrations 25 Area covered : 14.0 ha.
6.3.5 Collaborative Extension Programme with SAUs/ICAR Institutes
The National Extension Programme in far off northern, southern, eastern and western parts of the country has recently been taken up by the Centre from rabi 2007-08 in collaboration with selected SAUs/ICAR institutes. A cluster of 2-4 villages was selected at each project site in different locations to carry out the project activities. The progressive farmers in project locations were linked and utilized for technology transfer. Under this programme, IARI has provided improved varieties of gram (BG 1088, BGD 72, BG 1103 and BG 256) and mustard (Pusa Bold, Pusa Jaggannath and Pusa Jaikisan) to collaborative SAUs/ICAR institutes. Results of these demonstrations are awaited.
6.3.6 Transfer of Technology Programme
During rabi 2006-07, a total number of 142 demonstrations on mustard, wheat, gram, vegetable pea, in 5 districts of Haryana, namely, Sonepat, Jhajjar, Rohtak, Mahendergarh, Faridabad, and in Bulandshahr district of U.P.
were conducted.
Among 4 mustard varieties, Pusa Bold gave highest yield (2.02 tonnes/ha), which was 31.68% higher than that of local variety followed by Pusa Jaikisan with 23.73 % increase in yield over control. In case of wheat, yield performance of HD 2733 was best (5.17 tonnes/ha) which was 26.36% higher than the yield of local variety followed by HD 2329 with 4.90 tonnes/ha against 4.09 tonnes/ha of control plot. In gram, variety BG 362 gave an increase of 19.5% over local check. Increase in yield of vegetable pea (Azad P 1) was to the tune of 12.63% over control.
During kharif 2007, a total of 165 demonstrations were conducted in Sonepat and Faridabad (Haryana) and Bulandshahr districts (U.P.) on improved varieties of Paddy (P 1121, PRH 10, P 2511 and Pusa 44), Jowar (PC 9), Arhar (P 992, P2001 and P 2002), and, Bhindi (Versha Uphar and Arka Anamika). Among paddy varieties PRH 10 gave the highest yield of 6.47 tonnes per ha. The average yield of Jowar variety, PC 9 was 42.85 tonnes/ha and P 992, P2001 and P 2002 varieties of Arhar yielded 1.17, 1.02 and 1.05 tonnes/ha, respectively. The average yields of Bhindi, vars.
Versha Uphar and Arka Anamika was 19.35 tonnes and 15.58 tonnes/ha, respectively.
Dr. Michael Keenum, Under Secretary for Farm and Foreign Agriculture Service, USDA meeting farmers at a village in Sonepat district, Haryana
Farmers and IARI officials at Badshapur village of Faridabad district, Haryana under the seed production programme of rice hybrid PRH 10
Fifteen demonstrations in rabi and 10 demonstrations in kharif on different vegetables were laid out in five villages by IARI Regional Station, Katrain. To popularise the latest vegetable production technology, an exhibition was arranged at Kullu Dussehra from October 21 to 27,2007.
The Regional Station, Pusa, also participated in the kisan mela organized by the Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi in Harsidhipur village, Motihari district (East Champaran).
6.3.7 Pusa Krishi Vigyan Mela 2007
A three-day krishi vigyan mela (February 24-26, 2007) on the theme “IARI - In the Service of Farmers” was inaugurated by Shri Sharad Pawar, Hon’ble Union Minister of Agriculture, Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution on February 24, 2007 at IARI. Dr. Mangala Rai, Secretary, DARE and DG, ICAR presided over the function and Dr. S.A. Patil, Director, IARI gave the welcome address.
On this occasion, a thematic publication of the mela and four technical publications,namely, Prasar Doot (Mela
Visheshank), Kharif Fasalon Ki Unnat Kheti, Gehun Ka Utpadan Badhane Mein Bharatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan Dwara Vikasit Gehun ki Kismon Ka Yogdan and Uttar Bharatiya Paristhitiyon Mein Sankar Dhan Ki Beej Utpadan Prodyogiki were released by the Hon’ble Agriculture Minister.
Technologies developed by IARI, were displayed in the thematic pandal, where some progressive farmers also shared their experiences of IARI technologies with the visiting farmers. Different Project Directorates, Divisions and Units of the Institute demonstrated/displayed their technologies in their respective stalls. Besides IARI, four State Agricultural Universities, eleven ICAR Institutes, including some livestock based research institutes, twenty four Private Companies, five Public Sector Undertakings and seventeen NGOs/Societies put up their stalls and participated in the mela. Ten progressive farmers from Outreach Extension Areas of the Institute also put-up their stalls to display and sell their farm produce.
Chawdhury, Hon’ble Minister of State for Child and Women Welfare, Government of India on February 25, 2007. More than 1000 farmwomen and farmmen from different parts of the country participated in the workshop, deliberating on the latest issues/schemes of the Govt. for empowerment of women and interacted with the scientists of the Institute.
A farmers-agro-industry personnel -scientists interface was also organised from 11.00 am to 1.00 pm on February 26, 2007 in which farmers, representatives of agro-based industries and scientists exchanged their thoughts and experiences for increased agricultural productivity in the overall interest of the Nation. Dr. S.P.
Tiwari, Deputy Director General (Crops) was the chief guest of the interface which was presided over by the Director, IARI.
Kisan goshthies were organised every day in the evening where farmers discussed their agriculture related problems with the scientists of IARI/ SAUs/ other ICAR institutes. Dr. Mangala Rai, Secretary, DARE and DG, ICAR was the chief guest of the kisan goshthi on February 24 and Dr. C.D. Mayee, Chairman, ASRB was the chief guest of the kisan goshthi on February 25. After the kisan goshthi on February 26, the valedictory function of the krishi vigyan mela was graced by Shri Kanti Lal Bhuria, Hon’ble Minister of State for Agriculture, Government of India who addressed the farmers and distributed prizes and certificates to various participating organisations/progressive farmmen/
farmwomen.
Shri Sharad Pawar, Hon’ble Union Minister of Agriculture, Consumer Affairs, and Food and Public Distribution (centre) arriving for the inauguration of the Pusa Krishi Vigyan Mela. He is accompanied by Dr. S.A. Patil, Director, IARI (extreme right), and other senior officials of IARI
About 35,000 visitors comprising farmers, farmwomen, students, extension workers, entrepreneurs and others from different parts of the country visited the mela.
Organised visits of farmers to various live crop demonstrations, the Centre for Protected Cultivation Technology, and other experimental plots on IARI farm, were conducted during the mela period.
The Women Empowerment Workshop of the krishi vigyan mela was inaugurated by Mrs. Renuka
Farmers visiting the live demonstrations of rabi crops during Pusa Krishi Vigyan Mela
6.3.8 Kisan Mela organized at Regional Station, Pusa
For popularization and wider dissemination of IARI technologies and varieties, a kisan mela was organized at IARI Regional Station, Pusa on March 18, 2007. The major attractions of the mela were: quiz competition for the farmers; fruit, vegetables and flower exhibitions; and face-to-face farmers-scientists’ interaction during kisan goshthi.
