KqV-`mj

`mj-tbm-sSm¸w KqV`m-j¡pw taXn {]m[m\yw \ÂIp-¶p. At[m-

tem-I-kw-L-§-fp-sSbpw Kp−m-kw-L-§-fp-sSbpw hn\n-a-b-Nn-Ó-§Ä IqSn AS-

§n-b-XmWv `mj F¶ \ne-bn KqV`m-j-sb apJy-[m-c-bn-te¡v sIm−p-h-cp-

¶p. KqV`mj IrXn-bn-ep-S-\ofw ImWm-\m-hp-¶Xv "Nph¶ hnZq-j-I-cpsS A©mw-]¯n' F¶ t\mh-en-em-Wv. t\mh-en-s\-bmsI Xs¶ \nKq-V-X-I-fpsS D-Ån \nÀ¯m³ AXn taXn D]-tbm-Kn¨ khn-tij `mjmcoXn-¡m-Ip-

¶p-−v.

tcXkv ljojv F¶ IYm-]m-{Xs¯ tI{µ-am-¡n-bmWv KqV`mj t\mh-en-te¡v hcp-¶-Xv. C{µ-Pn¯pw lnÂUbpw FÃmw DÄs¸«v IY apt¶-dn- b-Xn\v tij-amWv tcXkv ljojv IS-¶p-h-cp-¶-Xv. NqSpÅ ssIIÄ¡v ]pd¯v shfp¯ I¿p-d-IÄ [cn¨v \S-¡p¶ tcXkv ljo-jns\ "Xsâ {Um¡pf {]`p' F¶mWv lnÂU hnfn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXnsâ \ymbo-I-c-Ww BJym-Xmhv \ÂIp-¶p. {Um¡pf-bpsS sIm«m-cs¯ Npg-ep¶ cm{Xn-I-fnÂ

\nem-hnse aªnsâ Npg-en-I-fn \n¶v Dcphw Xncn-ªp-h-cp-s¶mcp km¶n[yw ljojv A\p-`-hn-¸n-¡p-¶p-−v. _n _n F¶ Npcp-¡-t¸-cn Adn- b-s¸-Sp-¶, tcXkv ljojv Øm]n¨ »Uv {_tZgvkv F¶ kwL-S\ sIme- ]m-X-I-§-fpsS ]c-¼-c-bp-ambn t\mh-en {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. inip-lXy 12, kv{XolXy 3, BsI \c-lXy 21, arK-lXy 39 F¶n-§s\ hni-Zo-I-cn-¡-s¸- Sp¶ IW¡v »Uv {_tZ-gvknse Hcm-fpsS am{Xw Ipä-§-fpsS enÌn-ep-Å- XmWv.

sIme-]m-X-I-§Ä At[m-temI kwL-S-\-I-fpsS Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-¯n-\-

\p-kr-X-amb hn[-¯n-emWv hni-Zo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. _ne-lcn Hcp Xp¶Â¡m- cs\ Igp-¯n Ipcp¡v apdp¡n izmkw ap«n¨v sIm¶-Xn-s\, _ne-lcn Xs¶

]d-bp-¶Xv ""Xms\mcp Xp¶Â¡m-csâ Ip¸m-b-t¡m-f-dnsâ IrXy-amb Af-sh- Sp¯p''²⁰ F¶m-Wv. SbÀ Ibän sImÃp-t¼mÄ t]m¡m-¨n-¯-h-f-Ifpw ]«n-¯-e-

¨n-Ifpw Sb-dn-\n-S-bn NX-ª-cªp F¶mWv hni-Zo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.

AXnsâ ImcWw hni-Zo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv, "Imdnsâ ap³S-b-dp-I-fn \n¶v c−v kam-´-c-amb Nph¶ \mS ]n³S-b-dp-I-fn Npcp-fp-¶Xv BIvkn-te-ä-dn- eqsS kv]Àin-¨-dn-bm-\pÅ ]co-£-W-§Ä'²¹ F¶ coXn-bn-em-Wv. At[m- temI/Kp−m-kw-L-§Ä¡v am{Xw tXm¶m-hp¶ hnNn-{Xhpw {Iqc-hp-amb B\- µm-\p-`-h-¯nsâ Nn{Xo-I-c-W-am-Wn-Xv.

At[m-temI kwL-S-\-I-fpsS ]c-kv]c hntZz-j-¯nsâbpw IpSn-¸-I-bp- sSbpw kqN-\-sb¶ coXn-bn-epÅ Hcp kw`-hhpw t\mh-en IS-¶p-h-cp-¶p.

{_Uv {_tZ-gvknsâ BZy HutZym-KnI sI«nSw DÂLm-S\w sNbvX Nn¯cRvP³ kn³l ]n¶oSv »Uv {_tZ-gvknse Hcw-K-¯nsâ I¿m Xs¶ Xoh−n apdn-bn sh¨v Ipt¯äv sImÃ-s¸-Sp-¶p. "kn³l-bpsS shfp¯ Ppº-bpsS Cd¡w Af-¶p-sIm−v tNmc-bpsS Nph¶ Af-hp-\m-S- IÄ Nph-«n-te¡v Npcp-f-gnªp hoWp; H¸w kn³lbpw ]Xn-¨p.'²² sIme-]m-X- I-Zriy-¯nsâ hnh-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. At[m-tem-I-¯nsâ Ccp− kz`m-h-§fpw t\mh-en hni-Zo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ssewKn-I-X-bnse hnNn-{X-amb ]co-£-W-

§fpw ljo-jv, Nc-kv, acn-Pp-hm-\, Idp-¸v, `mwKv apX-emb el-cn-Ifpw "AXo- {µn-b-[ym\'hpw FÃmw DÄs¡m-Åp¶ hni-Zo-I-cWw \ÂIp-¶p.

KqV`m-j-bpsS D]-tbmKw Ipsd-¡qSn anI¨ \ne-bn ImWp-¶Xv Fen- k-_¯v tSeÀ tdmUn Xo]n-Sp-¯-ap-−m-Ip-sa¶v AÚm-X³ Aán-i-a-\-h- Ip-¸n hnfn-¨-dn-bn-¡p-t¼m-gm-Wv. hnfn-¨-bm-tfmSv Aán-i-a\ hIp-¸nse DtZym- K-س At§m«v hnh-c-§Ä tNmZn¨p F¶ kqN\ In«p¶ coXn-bn ...""tNmZn-¡-cp-Xv, {i²n-¡m³ A`yÀ°n-¡p-¶p...''²³ F¶ {]Xn-I-c-W-ap-

−m-Ip-¶p. ho−pw AXv BhÀ¯n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. At[m-tem-I-kw-L-§-fp-sS, AÚm-X-k-tµ-i-§-fpsS s]mXpNnÓ-am-WnXv. C§s\ t\mh-en-\-I¯v \nc-

´-c-ambn At[m-temI/Kp−m-kw-L-§fpw Ah-cn-eq-sS-bpÅ KqV-`m-jbpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.

"kwKo-Xw Hcp ka-b-I-e-bmWv' F¶ IY-bpsS BZy-`m-K-§-fnepw CXnsâ km¶n-[y-ap-−v. _k-hsb kn\n-a-bn-e-`n-\-bn-¸n-¡m-s\-¶ t]cn IS-

¯n-s¡m-−p-t]m-Ip¶ t_mkpw Bw_dpw Zpcq-lX-I-fpsS A´-co£w D−m-

¡p-Ibpw AXn-\p- tbm-Pn-¡p¶ coXn-bn-epÅ kwkm-c-ssien kzoI-cn-¡p-¶- Xmbpw ImWmw. aäp-Ir-Xn-I-fn C¯cw {]ta-b-s¯tbm `mjm-co-Xn-sbtbm taXn kzoI-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. F¦nepw IYm-L-S-\-bn-emsI Xs¶ \nKq-V-Xbpw

`oXnbpw \nd-ªp-\n¡p¶ coXn-bn aäp Nne cN-\-Ifpw At±lw Fgp-Xn- bn-«p-−v. "hc-¼n Hcp sImän', "izm\-Zn-\-§-fpsS Ncn-{X-tcJ', "BÂ{^Uv lnNvtIm-¡nsâ t{]a-Km\w' XpS-§nb IY-Ifpw "{_m' F¶ t\mhepw A¯- c-¯nÂs]-«-Xm-Wv. Ch-bn-seÃmw At[m-temI/Kp−mkw-L-§fpw Ah-cn-eq- sS-bpÅ KqV-`m-jbpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.

C§s\ `mjsb \nc-´cw tNmZyw sN¿p-Ibpw \ho-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw Nne- bn-S-§-fn \ncm-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw hgn ]pXp-¡n-¸-Wn-XmWv taXn cm[m-Ir- jvW³ Xsâ cN-\-I-fn D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xv. km{¼-Zm-bn-I-co-Xn-I-sf-sbm¶pw taXn kzoI-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã.

C¯-c-¯n LS-\, BJym-\w, `mj F¶n-h-bn-seÃmw taXn ]pXpa sIm−p-h-¶n-«p-−v. NnÓ-§Ä, Nn{X-§Ä, {]Xo-I-§Ä, cq]-I§Ä F¶n-h- bpsS khn-ti-j- D-]-tbm-K-¯m \ne-\n¶ LS-\sb taXn cm[m-Ir-jvW³ ewLn-¡p-¶p. km{¼-Zm-bnI `mj-bpsS ]cn-an-Xn-IÄ hyà-am-hp¶ IYm-k- µÀ`-§-fn NnÓ-§sf D]-tbm-Kn¨v BJym-\-¯n\v ]qÀ®X \ÂIm³ taXn {ian-¨n-cp-¶p. IrXn-I-fn-ep-]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ {]Xo-I-§fpw cq]-I-§fpw Fgp-¯p-Im-csâ [nj-W-bpsSIqSn km£y-am-Ip-¶-h-bm-Wv.

BJym-\-]-c-ambpÅ khn-ti-j-X-I-fn {][m-\-amb "BJym-Xm-hnsâ amäw' taXn D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶Xv cN-\-bpsS c−mw L«-¯nse IY-I-fn-em-Wv.

"kwKoXw Hcp ka-b-I-e-bmWv', "Pndm^p-IÄ Igp¯p \o«p-t¼mÄ' F¶o IY- I-fn BJym-Xmhv \nc-´cw amdp-¶p. BJym-Xm-hnsâ \nc-´-c-amb amäw IYbv¡v ZpÀ{Km-lyX krjvSn-¡p-Itbm IYm-K-Xn-bpsS kzm`mhnI Hgp-¡ns\

XS-Ê-s¸-Sp-¯p-Itbm sN¿p-¶n-Ã.

BJym-\-e-£-W-§-fnÂs¸Sp¶ BJym-\X, am[y-a-X, Øen-I-X, Imen-IX F¶nh taXn-en Gdnbpw Ipdªpw IS-¶p-h-cp-¶p. IYm-]m-{X-§- fpsS {]hr-¯n-I-fn-eq-sSbpw hm¡p-I-fn-eq-sSbpw at\m-hym-]m-c-¯n-eq-sSbpw IY shfn-hm-Ip¶ hnam-[y-a-X-bmWv am[y-a-X-tb-¡mÄ taXn-en kzoIm-cy-am- hp-¶-Xv. \K-cw, tdmUv F¶n-§s\ s]mXp-hmb Øe§f-ÃmsX IrXy-amb BJym-\-Ø-es¯ taXn cm[m-Ir-jvW³ ap³\nÀ¯p-¶nà F¶-Xn-\m Øen-IX IrXn-I-fn Imcy-ambn hnj-b-am-Ip-¶nà F¶p ]d-bmw.

"kwKoXwHcp ka-b-I-e-bmWv', "F§-s\-sbmcp ]gp-Xm-csb sImÃmw' F¶o IY-I-fnse IÀ®m-S-Ibpw Ipsshäpw am{X-amWv CXn A]-hm-Z-am-bp-Å-Xv.

Imes¯ Af-sh-¶-Xn-ep-]cn A\p-`-h-sa¶ AÀ°-¯n ImWp¶

coXn Hcp IY-bn am{Xta taXn-en {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p-Åq. ChnsS Ncn-{X-\n- tj-[-sa¶ B[p-\n-I-Xm-hm-Z-¯nsâ s]mXp-Im-gvN-¸m-Sn-t\mSv tNÀ¶p-\n¡m-

\mWv At±lw {ian-¡p-¶-Xv.

Ime-L-S\ bpàn-]-c-aà F¶-Xn-\m bpàn-]-c-amb Ime-tam, \nXy- amb hÀ¯-am-\-Im-e-sa¶ AÀ°-¯n kz]v\-kw-_-Ô-amb Imetam B IrXn-I-fn-en-Ã. `qX-hÀ¯-am\ `mhn-Im-e-§Ä IqSn-¡p-gª Btµm-f-\-Im-e- amWv IrXn-I-fn IqSp-X-ep-Å-Xv.

{_m¡-äp-IÄ¡v taXn IrXn-I-fn {]tXy-In¨v BZy-Ime cN-\-I-fn henb {]m[m-\y-ap-−v. ]d-bp¶ Imcy-§Ä¡v Bh-iy-am-b{X hni-Zo-I-cWw

\ÂIm\pw, aäp Nne-t¸mÄ Nne Imcy-§Ä tIÄ¡p-t¼mÄ IYm-]m-{X-§-fpsS a\-Ênse tXm¶-ep-Itfm {]Xn-I-c-W-§tfm Bbpw {_m¡-äp-IÄ¡pÅnse Fgp-¯p-Isf taXn D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p. "ssl¸Àen¦v' kz`m-h-¯n {_m¡- än IqSp-X hnh-c-W-§-fn-te¡v t]mIp¶ coXnbpw IrXn-I-fn-ep-−v. BJym- Xmhv IY-bn-enS-s]«v hni-Zo-I-cWw Xcp¶ coXnbpw taXn cm[m-Ir-jvWsâ IY-I-fn-ep-−v.

D¯-cm-[p-\n-I-Xm-hm-Z-Im-e¯v ae-bm-f-¯n {]mapJyw t\Snb ]mTw, ]mT-t`Zw F¶o kwÚ-IÄ kam-\-AÀ°-¯n Fgp-]-Xp-I-fn Xs¶

taXn D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p. Fgp-¯p-Im-csâ acWw F¶ B[p-\n-Im-´-c-km-ln- Xy-k-ao-]-\hpw BZy-Im-e-Ir-Xnbmb "{_m'bn taXn D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-«p-−v.

hyh-Øm-]nX `mj-bpsS ]cn-an-Xn-Isf adn-I-S-¡m³ taXn FÃm- bvt¸mgpw {ian-¡p-¶p. \ne-\n¡p¶ hm¡p-IÄ¡v \ndhpw hocyhpw \jvS-s¸- s«¶pw ]pXnb hm¡p-IÄ thW-sa-¶p-apÅ kqcy-hw-i-¯nse {]kvXm-h\

taXn-ensâ `mjm-ZÀi\w IqSn-bm-Wv. "etc, etc F¶-Xns\ aäpw aäpw' F¶v Fgp-Xnbpw {]Np-c-{]-Nm-c-¯n-epÅ Cw¥ojv hm¡p-Isf ae-bm-f-¯n-te¡v XÀÖa sNbvXpw "LIMEKnIX' F¶p XpS§n Cw¥ojv hm¡p-Isf IqSn D]- tbm-Kn-¨pÅ \ho-\-{]-tbm-K-§Ä \S-¯nbpw hm¡p-I-fpsS \njv]-¯n-hn-h-c-W-

¯n-eqsS Xsâ {]tbm-K-§Ä¡v km[pX \ÂInbpw Xsâ IrXn-I-fnse khn- ti-j-`m-jsb taXn \nc-´cw ]cn-jvI-cn-¡p-¶p.

`mj-bpsS khÀ®-h¡-cWw, hm¡p-I-fpsS \ncÀ°-I-X, ]c-kv]-c- [m-c-W-bn-Ãmbva F¶n-hsb taXn Nq−n-¡m-Wn-¡p-Ibpw AXv adn-I-S-¡m-

L-§-fpsS KqV-`m-jbpw taXn-en khn-ti-j-X-e-ambn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-

−v.

DÅ-S-¡-¯n \n¶v kmln-Xys¯ tamNn-¸n¨v cq]-¯n\v {]mapJyw

\ÂIm-\mWv taXn cm[m-Ir-jvW³ {ian-¨-Xv. BJym-\-¯n-sâbpw `mjbp- sSbpw hnhn-[-X-e-§-fpsS Ah-X-cWw ]pXnb LS\m\nÀ½mW-¯n\v taXn- ens\ klm-bn-¨p. B[p-\n-I-X-bn s]mXpsh D−m-bn-cp¶ "Rm³' kzm[o\w taXn-en hyXy-kvXhpw Ab-th-dn-b-Xp-amb LS-\m-cq-]-§-fm-bmWv {]Xy-£-s¸-«-Xv.

C§s\ Fgp-¯nsâ cq]-]-²-Xnsb hne-bn-cp-¯p-t¼mÄ hyXy-kvX-amb hgn-I-fn-eq-sS-bmWv taXn k©-cn-¡p-¶-sX¶v ImWm-\m-Ipw. DÅ-S-¡-¯nÂ

\n¶v kmln-Xys¯ tamNn-¸n¨v cq]-¯n\v {]mapJyw \ÂIm-\mWv At±lw {ian-¨-Xv. BJym-\-¯n \nc-h[n ]co-£-W-§Ä \S¯n ]mc-¼-cy-¯nÂ

\n¶pÅ IpX-dn-am-d At±lw km[y-am-¡n. `mj-bp-sSbpw hn\n-a-b-¯n- sâbpw hnhn[ Xe-§-fpsS Ah-X-cWw ]pXnb LS-\m-\nÀ½m-W-¯n\v taXn- ens\ klm-bn-¨p. B[p-\n-I-Xmhm-Z-¯n s]mXpsh D−m-bn-cp¶ "Rm³' kzm[o\w taXn-en Ipd-¨p-IqSn hyXy-kvXhpw Ab-th-dn-b-Xp-amb LS-\m-cq-]-

§-fmbmWv {]Xy-£-s¸-«-Xv. NnÓ-§-fp-sSbpw {]Xo-I-§-fp-sSbpw D]-tbmKw Hgn-¨pÅhsbÃmw Fgp-]XpIfpsS BZy-L-«-¯n \n¶v sXm®qdpIfpsS c−mw-L-«-¯nepw c−m-bn-c-¯n-]¯pIfpsS aq¶mw-L-«-¯n-ep-sa-¯p-t¼m- tg¡v efn-X-cq]w ssIs¡m-Åp-¶-Xmbn ImWmw. C§s\ H¶mw L«-¯n XpS§n c−mw-L-«-¯n hni-Z-amb {]Xn-]m-Z-\m-h-Ø-bn-te¡v F¯n-t¨-cp¶

LS-I-amWv taXn-ensâ cmjv{So-b-hpw. ka-Im-en-I-cn \n¶v thÀs¸«p \n¶p- sIm-−mWv Xsâ cmjv{So-b-\ne]m-Sp-I-sfbpw taXn kaÀ°n-¨-Xv.

Ipdn-¸p-IÄ

1 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. kqcy-hw-iw, Un.-kn. _pIvkv, 1999, ]pdw. 118.

2 AtX-]p-kvXIw, ]pdw. 133.

3 AtX-]p-kvX-Iw, ]pdw. 137.

4 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. Nph¶ hnZq-j-I-cpsS A©mw]-¯n, ]qÀ® ]»n-t¡- j³kv, 1977, ]pdw. 7.

5 AtX-]p-kvX-Iw, ]pdw. 14

6 AtX-]p-kvX-Iw, ]pdw. 71

7 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. {_m,]qÀ® ]»n-t¡-j³kv, 1977, ]pdw. 13

8 AtX-]p-kvX-Iw,, ]pdw. 50

9 AtX-]p-kvX-Iw,, ]pdw. 56

10 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. taXn IY-IÄ, amXr-`qan _pIvkv, 2013, ]pdw. 245.

11 AtX-]p-kvX-Iw, ]pdw. 76.

12 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. kqcy-hw-iw, Un.-kn.-_p-Ivkv, 1999, ]pdw 7.

13 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. {_m, ]qÀ® ]»n-t¡-j³kv, 1977, ]pdw 41.

14 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. ssewKn-I-X-sb-¡p-dn¨v Hcp D]-\ym-kw, t^_nb³ _pIvkv, 2010, ]pdw. 73.

15 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. Nph¶ hnZq-j-I-cpsS A©mw-]-¯n, ]qÀW ]»n-t¡- j³kv, 1977, ]pdw. 76.

16 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. taXn IY-IÄ, amXr-`q-an, 2013, ]pdw. 94.

17 AtX ]pkvX-Iw, ]pdw. 359.

18 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. Nph¶ hnZq-j-I-cpsS A©mw-]-¯n, ]qÀW ]»n-t¡- j³kv, 1977, ]pdw. 18.

19 AtX ]pkvXIw, ]pdw. 136.

20 cm[m-Ir-jvW³, taXnÂ. Nph¶ hnZq-j-I-cpsS A©mw-]-¯n, ]qÀ®m ]»n-t¡- j³kv, 1977, ]pdw. 70.

21 AtX ]pkvXIw, ]pdw. 70.

22 AtX ]pkvXIw, ]pdw. 72.

23 AtX ]pkvX-Iw, ]pdw. 133.

In document h¡-cWw (Page 85-93)