Have an understanding of the structure of language at different levels of linguistic description

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS

SESSION 2020-21

B. A.1^st (SEMESTER) CREDITS: 04

PAPER CODE: LNB- 151 SESSIONAL MARKS: 30

END-SEMESTER: 70 TOTAL = 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

 To provide introductory remarks on language in general and linguistics in particular.

 To understand the characteristics and functions of Human Languages.

 To know about the different facets of Linguistics.

COURSE OUTCOMES: After successfully completing the course students shall be able to:

 Develop an understanding of language, its description and use.

 Have an understanding of the structure of language at different levels of linguistic description.

 Develop the understanding of the various branches of Linguistics and their applications.

UNIT I

A. Language- Symbolic, Systematic Medium of Communication.

B. Human and Non- Human Communication Systems.

C. Design Features of Language.

D. Modern Linguistics: Speech and Writing; Prescriptive and Descriptive; Synchronic and Diachronic.

UNIT II

A. Language Description: Phonetics and Phonology.

B. Language Description: Morphology.

C. Language Description: Syntax.

D. Language Description: Semantics.

UNIT III

A. Language Use and Communication: Pragmatics.

B. Language Teaching and Stylistics.

C. Computational Linguistics.

D. Language in Legal Context: Forensic Linguistics.

ESSENTIAL READINGS:

1. Akmajian, A. et al. 1996. Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication.

New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India.

2. Fromkin, V. and Rodman, R. 1978. An Introduction to Language. New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston.

3. Yule, G. 1996. The Study of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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SUGGESTED READINGS:

1. Aitchison, J. 1977. Linguistics. London: Teach Yourself Books.

2. Syal, P. and Jindal, D. V. 1998. An Introduction to Linguistics: Language, Grammar and Semantics. Delhi: Prentice Hall of India, Pvt. Ltd.

3. Trask, R.L. 1995. Language: The Basics. London: Routledge.

4. Verma, S. K. and Krishnaswamy, N. 1989. Modern Linguistics: An Introduction. Delhi:

Oxford University Press.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE

SESSION 2020-21

B. A.1^st (SEMESTER) CREDITS: 04

 To understand the different aspects of human language.

 To provide information on language as a code from Saussurean and Peircean perspectives.

 To provide information on the various uses of Language.

 To impart knowledge of the varieties of languages.

 Comprehend the various aspects of language.

 Understand the use of language as a code from Saussurean and Peircean perspectives.

 Have knowledge of the different uses of Language.

 Compare and contrast the varieties of language.

UNIT I

A. Channels of Communication.

B. Language as a Code: Sign, Signifier, Signified.

C. Icon, Index and Symbol.

D. Language is Human.

UNIT II

A. Language is Dynamic, Structured and Systematic.

B. Language and Writing Systems.

C. Language Varieties: Idiolect, Dialect, Sociolect, Register, Style, Slang.

D. Language as Text/Discourse.

1. Akmaijan, A.et al. 1996. Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication.

New Delhi: Prentice- Hall of India.

2. Fromkin,V. Rodman, R. and Hyams, N. 2014. An Introduction to Language. New York:

3. Yule, G. 1996. The Study of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1. Crenetti, Carol. (ed.). 2014. How Language Work-An Introduction to Language and Linguistics. New York: Cambridge University Press.

2. Fasold, R. W. and Connor-Linton, J. (eds.) 2013. An Introduction to Language and Linguistics. New York: Cambridge University Press.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS ELEMENTS OF GENERAL PHONETICS

SESSION 2020-21

B. A. 2^nd(SEMESTER) CREDITS: 04

 To understand the production, description and classification of speech sounds.

 To give an idea about the mechanism of speech production.

 To understand the difference between segmental and supra-segmental features of speech sounds.

 Perceive and produce sounds in the IPA chart.

 Transcribe linguistic data.

 Have an understanding of suprasegmental features.

UNIT I

A. Phonetics- Definition and Scope.

B. Branches of Phonetics-Articulatory, Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics.

C. Organs of Speech; Pulmonic, Glottalic and Velaric.

D. Phonation: Voiceless; Voiced; Whisper; Murmur.

UNIT II

A. Description and Classification of Consonants- Place of Articulation.

B. Description and Classification of Consonants- Manner of Articulation.

C. Classification of Vowels and Diphthongs.

D. Cardinal Vowels.

UNIT III

A. Stress and Intonation, Pitch and Juncture.

B. Introduction to IPA.

C. Transcription –Phonetic (Narrow), Phonemic (Broad).

D. Practicals in Language Lab.

1. Ball, M. J. and Rahilly, J. 1999. Phonetics: The Science of Speech. London:Arnold.

2. Clark, J. and Yallop, C. 1990. An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. Oxford:

Basil Blackwell.

3. Jones, D. 1976. An Outline of English Phonetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

4. Ladefoged, P.2002. A Course in Phonetics. Singapore: Thomason Asia.

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1. Abercrombie, D. 1982. Elements of General Phonetics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

2. Aslam, Mohammad and Kak, Aadil Amin. 2007. Introduction to English Phonetics and Phonology. Bangalore, Delhi: Foundation Books.

3. Sethi, J.and Dhamija, P.V.1999. A Course in Phonetics and Spoken English. New Delhi:

Prentice Hall.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS LANGUAGE AND MIND

SESSION 2020-21

B. A.2^ND (SEMESTER) CREDITS: 02

PAPER CODE: LNB- 252 SESSIONAL MARKS: 30 END-SEMESTER: 70 TOTAL = 100

 To understand the evolution of language in human brain.

 To understand language acquisition and learning.

 To understand aspects of language disorders.

 Develop an understanding of the relationship between language and human brain.

 Know about the various learning theories of L1 & L2.

 Become aware of various language disorders.

UNIT I

A. Language and the Brain.

B. Stimulus Response Theory: Skinner-Chomsky’s Critique of Verbal Behaviour.

C. Lexical Storage and Lexical Access Behaviorism.

D. The Information Processing Approach Mentalism.

UNIT II

A. The Biological Basis of Language.

B. The Acquisition of First Language (L1).

C. The Acquisition of Second Language (L2).

D. Speech Pathology and Speech Therapy.

1. Beg, M. K. A. 1991. Psycholinguistics and language acquisition. New Delhi: Bahri.

2. Ingram, E. 1975.Psychology and Language Learning. In J.P.B. Allen and S.P Corder (eds.). Papers in Applied Linguistics Vol.2. London: Oxford University Press.

3. Obler, L.K. and Gjerlow, K. 1999. Language and the Brain. New York: Cambridge University Press.

1. Aitkinson, M.1982. Explanation in the Study of LanguageAcquisition. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press.

2. Baron. R. A.2005 (fifth edition). Psychology. Delhi: Pearson Education.

3. DeVito, J.A. 1970. The Psychology of Speech of Language. An Introduction to Psycholinguistics. New York: Random House.

4. Reed, V. A. (2018). An Introduction to Children with Language Disorders. Pearson New York.

5. Taylor, I. 1976. Introduction to Psycholinguistics. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS INTRODUCTORY PHONOLOGY

SESSION 2020-21

B. A.3^rd (SEMESTER) CREDITS: 04

 To understand the difference between phonetics and phonology.

 To acquaint the student with the basic concepts of structural phonology.

 To give an idea about the phonological analysis of language.

 Analyse phonological data using phonological analysis, principles and procedures of structural phonology.

 Develop the phonetic inventory of language.

 Produce feature-based analysis of sounds of language.

UNIT I

A. Phonology-Its Definition and Scope.

B. Phone, Phoneme, Allophone.

C. Phonetics and Phonology.

D. Phonological Analysis: Preliminary Procedures.

UNIT II

A. Syllable and Its Structure- Onset,Peak,Coda.

B. Prosodic Phonology- Its Meaning and Scope.

C. Consonants and Vowels.

D. Phonotactics: Consonant Clusters, Vowel Sequences.

UNIT III

A. Distinctive Features.

B. Archiphoneme and Neutralization.

C. Connected Speech: Assimilation, Dissimilation and Elision.

D. Phonological Analysis: Principles-Exercises.

1. Bloch, B. and Trager, G.L. 1942. Outline of Linguistic Analysis. Baltimore: Linguistic Society of America (Chapter-3).

2. Lass, R. 1984. Phonology: An Introduction to Basic Concepts. London: Cambridge University Press.

3. Pike, K. L. 1947. Phonemics: A Technique for Reducing Language to Writing. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press (Chapter 6).

4. Robins, R. H. 1964. General Linguistics: An Introductory Survey. London: Longman (Chapter 4).

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5. Jones, D. 1881-1967. An Outline of English Phonetics. New York: G.E. Stechers & Co.

1. Aslam, Mohammad and Kak, Aadil Amin. 2007. Introduction to English Phonetics and Phonology. Bangalore, Delhi: Foundation Books.

2. Carr, P. 1993. Phonology. Hampshire: Macmillan

3. Gimson, A. C. 1962. An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

4. Roach, P. 1991. English Phonetics and Phonology: Practical Course. Cambridge:

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS PHONOLOGY OF URDU-HINDI

SESSION 2020-21

B. A.3^rd (SEMESTER) CREDITS: 02

 To discuss the basic theoretical concepts of Phonology with special reference to Urdu- Hindi.

 To give idea about the phonological processes in Urdu-Hindi.

 To give some exposure of the practical aspect of the phonological phenomena in Urdu- Hindi.

 Understand the various aspects of Urdu-Hindi Phonology with its unique features and characteristics.

 Know about the phonemic inventory and description of Urdu- Hindi phonemes.

 Differentiate between Urdu-Hindi at phonological level.

UNIT I

A. Urdu-Hindi-Linguistic Perspective.

B. Phonemic Inventory: Urdu Phonemics.

C. Phonotactics: Vowel Sequence, Consonant Clusters and Syllabic Structure.

D. Supra Segmental Features: Nasalization, Length, Juncture, etc of Urdu.

UNIT II

A. Phonemic Inventory and Description of Hindi Phonemics.

B. Phonotactics: Vowel Sequence, Consonant Clusters.

C. Syllabic Structure of Hindi.

D. Supra Segmental Features: Nasalization, Length, Juncture etc. of Hindi.

1. Beg, M.K.A. 1988. Urdu Grammar: History and Structure. New Delhi: Bahri Publications.

2. Kachru, Y. 1980. Aspects of Hindi Grammar. New Delhi: Manohar Publications.

3. Koul, O.N. 2008. Modern Hindi Grammar. Springfield: Danwoody Press.

4. Khan, I. H. 1976. A Contrastive and Comparative Study of Standard Urdu and Standard Hindi. Aligarh: Publication Division A.M.U.

5. Khan, M. A. 2000. Urdu Phonology. Department of Linguistics, AMU: AMU Press.

1. Azim, A. and Khan, M. H. 1962. A Second Year Urdu Reader (Microform). Washington D.C.: Eric Clearing House.

2. Khan, I. H. 1976. A Contrastive and Comparative Study of Standard Urdu and Standard Hindi. Aligarh: Publication Division A.M.U.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS INTRODUCTORY MORPHOLOGY

SESSION 2020-21

B. A. 4^th (SEMESTER) CREDITS: 04

PAPER CODE: LNB-451 SESSIONAL MARKS: 30

 To introduce the basic concepts in morphology.

 To understand various morphological processes.

 To understand the system of morphological structures in languages.

 To understand the processes involved in the identification of morphemes and allomorphs.

 Develop an understanding about the structure of words.

 Develop an understanding about morphological processes in languages.

 Understand the principles of identification of morphemes and allomorphs.

UNIT I

A. Morphology-Its Definition and Scope.

B. Morph, Allomorph and Morpheme.

C. Types of Morpheme-Free and Bound; Affixes-Prefixes, Infixes and Suffixes.

D. Word and Morpheme; Base, Root and Stem.

UNIT II

A. Conditioning of Allomorphs.

B. Simple, Complex and Compound Words.

C. Inflection and Derivation.

D. Word Formation-Compounding.

UNIT III

A. Morphological Processes: Affixation, Internal Change, Reduplication.

B. Morphophonemics-The Phonological Structure of Morphemes; Sandhi: Internal and External.

C. Morphemic Analysis-Segmentation and Grouping.

D. Nida’s Principles for Identification of Morphemes; Exercises.

1. Bloch, B. and Trager, G.L. 1942. An Outline of Linguistic Analysis. Baltimore: Linguistic society of America.

2. Katamba, F. 1993.Morphology. London: Macmillan Press Limited.

3. Mathews, P.H. 1978. Morphology: An Introduction to the theory of word Structure.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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1. Bauer, L. 1998. Introducing Linguistic Morphology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

2. Gleason, H.A. 1961. An Introduction to Descriptive Linguistics. New York: Holt, Rinchart and Winston.

3. Hockett, C.F. 1958. A Course in Modern Linguistics. New York: Macmillan.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS MORPHOLOGY OF URDU-HINDI

SESSION 2020-21

 To discuss the basic theoretical concepts of Morphology with special reference to Urdu- Hindi.

 To understand about the word formation processes in Urdu-Hindi.

 To have exposure of the practical aspects of the morphological phenomena in Urdu-Hindi.

 Understand the nuances of Urdu-Hindi morphology.

 Differentiate between Urdu and Hindi at morphological level.

 Understand the word formation processes in Urdu-Hindi.

UNIT I

A. Morphology and Scope of Morphological analysis.

B. Morphological Process in Urdu.

C. Word formation in Urdu: Affixation and Compounding.

D. Description of Word: Simple Complex and Compound.

UNIT II

A. Inflection and Derivation in Urdu-Hindi.

B. Morphological Process in Hindi.

C. Word Formation in Hindi: Affixation and Compounding.

D. Description of Word: Simple Complex and Compound Words-Exercises.

1. Beg, M. K. A. 1988. Urdu Grammar: History and Structure. New Delhi: Bahri Publications.

2. Khan, I. H. 1976. A Contrastive and Comparative Study of Standard Urdu and Standard Hindi. Aligarh: Publication Division A.M.U.

3. Koul, O. N. 2008. Modern Hindi Grammar. Springfield: Danwoody Press.

4. Warsi, M.J. 1999. Word formation in Urdu. International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics, IJDL Vol. XXVIII, No. 2.

1. Austin, J. L. 1962. How to do things with words. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

2. Haspelmath, M and Sims, A. 2010.Understanding Morphology (2^nd Edition). London:

Hodder Education.

3. Katamba, F. 1993.Morphology. London: Macmillan Press Limited.

4. Aronoff, M. and Fudeman, K. A. 2011 (2^ndedition). What is Morphology? Chi Chester:

Wiley-Blackwell.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS ESSENTIALS OF GRAMMAR

SESSION 2020-21

B. A. 5^th(SEMESTER) CREDITS: 04

 To impart knowledge of the different grammatical categories in language.

 To enable the learners know about the usages of grammatical categories.

 To hone up the skills of English grammar through rigorous practices.

 Have an understanding of the various grammatical categories in languages.

 Identify the grammatical categories in their native languages.

 Use English grammar correctly.

UNIT 1

A. Definit ions of Parts of Speech: Notional, Formal, and Syntactic.

B. Types of Noun, Types of Adjective.

C. Pronouns: Personal, Reflexive, Emphatic, Demonstrative, Relative, and Interrogative.

D. Types of Adverb: Manner, Time, Frequency, Location, Reason, Exercises.

UNIT II

A. Verb: Static/Dynamic; Transitive/Intransitive.

B. Use of the Tenses C. Active and Passive.

D. Mood, Exercises.

UNIT III

A. Subject and Predicate.

B. Phrases and Clauses.

C. Sentence Types: Simple, Compound and Complex.

D. Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative, Negative, Affirmative, Exercises.

*Note: Questions will be formed in the form of exercises for the Identification of categories.

1. Murphy, R. 1994. Intermediate English Grammar. New Delhi: Cambridge University Press.

2. Payne, Thomas E. 2011. Understanding English Grammar. Cambridge: Cambridge University of Press.

3. Wren, P.C. and Martin, H. 1984. High School English Grammar and Composition. New Delhi: S. Chand &Co.

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1. Kolln, M and Funk, Robert. 2012. Understanding English Grammar. (9^th Edition). New York: Pearson.

2. Turkel; J.K. & Peterson, F. 1982. The Grammar Crammer: How to write Perfect Sentences. Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS INTRODUCTORY SYNTAX

SESSION 2020-21

B. A.5^th(SEMESTER) CREDITS: 04

 To introduce the relation between Morphology and Syntax.

 To provide information on various grammatical categories and their syntactic evidences.

 To introduce the theoretical frameworks in the development of Generative Grammar COURSEOUTCOMES: After successfully completing the course students shall be able to:

 Understand the interaction between morphology and Syntax

 Have knowledge of the syntactic evidences for grammatical categories

 Understand the grammatical features of nominal and verbal categories.

 Understand the introductory approaches in the Generative Grammar UNIT I

A. Morphology and Syntax

B. Word Level Categories, Phrase Level Categories: Syntactic Evidences C. Content Words and Function Words

D. Infinitive, Gerund, Participle UNIT II

A. Grammatical features of Nominal and Verbal Categories: Person, Number, Gender, (PNG), Tense, Aspect and Mood.

B. Case: Nominative, Dative, Accusative, Instrumental, Ablative, Locative, Vocative C. Constituents: Diagnostic tools for determining constituents

D. Co-ordination, Subordination, Embedding UNIT III

A. Theoretical Frame work: Immediate Constituent (IC) Analysis B. Problems of IC Analysis

C. Phrase Structure Grammar, Re-Write Rules, D. Problems of Phrase Structure Grammar ESSENTIAL READINGS:

1. Chomsky, N. (1965) Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge: MIT Press.

2. Chomsky, N. (1957) Syntactic Structures. Hague/Paris: Mouton.

3. Radford, A. (1988) Transformational Grammar: A First Course. Cambridge: CUP 4. Verma, S.K. and N. Krishnaswamy (1989) Modern Linguistics: An Introduction. Delhi:

OUP

1. Koul, O.N. 2008. Modern Hindi Grammar. Springfield: Danwoody Press.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS BASIC ELEMENTS OF SEMANTICS

SESSION 2020-21

 To understand the basic concept in the study of meaning.

 To differentiate sense and reference and various types of sense relation.

 To understand subfield of semantics –lexical and sentential.

 To explain different types of meanings and their usage.

 Have knowledge of meaning levels and complexities.

 Have knowledge of the role of language in meaning phenomenon.

UNIT I

A. Semantics and its Scope.

B. Approaches to the Study of Meaning.

C. Denotation and Connotation; References and Sense.

D. Sense Relations- Synonymy, Antonymy, Polysemy, Hyponymy, Part-Whole Relations, Homonymy.

UNIT II

A. Meaning Types: Descriptive, Emotive, Phatic.

B. Lexical and Grammatical Meaning.

C. Lexical Semantics: Componential Analysis, Lexical field, Marked-Unmarked.

D. Ambiguity and its Types.

UNIT III

A. Referential Expression, Predicates, Deictic Words and Definiteness.

B. Semantic Structure of Sentences; Arguments and Predicates.

C. Tautology and Contradiction, Entailment, Presupposition, D. Interpersonal Meaning and Speech Acts.

1. Hurford, J. D. and Brendan, H. 1987. Semantics: A course book. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

2. Leech, G. 1974. Semantics. Middlesex, England: Penguin.

3. Lyons, J. 1981. Language and Linguistics: An introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

4. Palmer, F. R. 1981. Semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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1. Finegan, E. and Besnier, N. 1989. Language: Its structure and use. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

2. Kempson, R. M. 1979. Semantic Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

3. Ullmann, S. 1982. Semantics: An introduction to the science of meaning. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS SESSION 2020-21

 To know about the development of languages.

 To impart knowledge of the Genealogical and Typological classifications of languages.

 To understand the concept of language change and language contact.

 Discuss Typological and Genealogical classifications of languages.

 Understand the concepts of phonological, grammatical and semantic changes.

 Know the role of language contact and different types of borrowing.

UNIT I

A. Historical Linguistics: Definition and Scope.

B. Classification of Languages: Typological.

C. Classification of Languages: Genealogical.

D. Indo-European Family of Languages.

UNIT II

A. Factors in Language Change.

B. Change in Sound System: Phonetic and Phonemic, Assimilation, Dissimilation.

C. Change in Grammatical System – Role of Analogy.

D. Change in Meaning and Its types.

UNIT III

A. Language Contact.

B. Borrowing: Structural -Lexical, Phonological and Grammatical.

C. Borrowing: Cultural, Intimate and Dialect Borrowing.

D. Stages of Indo-Aryan: Introduction.

1. Aitchinson, J.2001. Language Change: Progress or Decay. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

2. Arlotto, A. 1972. Introduction to Historical Linguistics. Boston: Houghton Mifflino Company.

3. Lehmann, W. P. 1962. Historical Linguistics: An Introduction. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

4. Trask R.L. 1996. Historical Linguistics. New York: Arnold Publishers.

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1. Antilla, R. 1972. An Introduction to Historical and Comparative Linguistics. New York:

Macmillan

2. Bynon, T. 1977. Historical Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

3. Hock, H. H. 1991. Principles of Historical Linguistics: An Introduction. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS INTRODUCTION TO SEMIOTICS

SESSION 2020-21

 To understand the concept of sign language and its characteristics

 To define linguistic sign through Saussurean and Piercean’s Model.

 To analyze the usage of signs in different texts and films.

 Have awareness of language as code.

 Understand basics of semiotic analysis.

UNIT I

A. Communication: Verbal and Non-Verbal.

B. Channels of Communication.

C. Types of Sign: Iconic, Indexical, Symbolic.

D. Scope of Semiotics.

UNIT II

A. Organization of Signs :Paradigmatic-Syntagmatic, Langue-Parole, Form-Substance B. Sign and Its Characteristics: Arbitrariness.

C. Sign and Its Characteristics: Relationality and Differentiality.

D. The Saussurean Model of Linguistic Sign.

UNIT III

A. The Piercean model of Linguistic Sign.

B. Sign and Codes.

C. Semiotics and Text.

D. Semiotics and Films.

1. Chandler, D. 2002. Semiotics: The Basics. London: Routledge

2. Guirard, P.1975. Semiology. London and Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

3. Harris, R. 1986. A Course in General Linguistics Ferdinand de Saussure. Lasalle, III, Open Court.

1. Danesi, Marcel. 2011. The Quest for Meaning: A Guide to Semiotic Theory and Practice.

Toronto. University of Toronto Press.

2. Hall,S.2007.This Means This. This Means That:User’s Guide to Semiotics.London:

Laurence King Publishing.

3. Harvey, Sandor. 1982. Semiotic Perspectives. London: George Allen & Unwin.

4. Warsi, M. J. 2000. Semiotics of Hindi Comics. Linguistic literary, R.E. Asher & Roy Harris (ed.). Piilgris Book, Delhi. P 526-530.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS FUNDAMENTALS OF TRANSLATION

SESSION 2020-21

 To provide knowledge of the basic concepts of translation and its types.

 To understand the role of translation in the interdisciplinary areas.

COURSEOUTCOMES: After successfully completing the course students shall be able to:

 Have knowledge of translation and types of translation.

 Know about the various uses of Translation.

UNIT I

A. What is Translation? Translation vs Transcreation.

B. Types of Translation; Interlingual, Intralingual, Inter-Semiotic.

C. Characteristics of Linguistic, Literary and Hermeneutic Translation.

D. Translation as Applied Linguistics.

UNIT II

A. Perspectives on Translation

B. The Notion of Equivalence In Translation C. Types of Shifts In Translation

D. Untranslatability: Linguistic and Cultural.

UNIT III

A. Pedagogical Uses of Translation:Merits and Demerits.

B. Translation as Intercultural Communication.

C. The Translation Process

D. Human vs Machine Translation.

1. House,J. 2009. Translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

2. House, J. 2018.Translation: The Basics. Abingdon, New York: Routledge.

3. Newmark, P.1981. Approaches to Translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press SUGGESTED READINGS:

1. Catford, J.C. 1965. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford University Press.

2. Nida, E. and Taber, A.C. 1969. The Theory and Practice of Translation, Leiden: E.J.

Brill.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF INDIA

(OPEN ELECTIVE) SESSION 2020-21

 To introduce the notion of linguistic landscape.

 To talk about the importance of linguistic landscape in different linguistic settings.

 Understand the concept of linguistic landscape.

 Discuss the role of different actors involved in the construction of linguistic landscape.

UNIT I

A. The Concept of Linguistic Landscape B. Features of the linguistic landscape

C. The Construction of the Linguistic Landscape D. Linguistic Landscape and Ethno linguistic Vitality UNIT II

A. Language Use on Individual Signs B. Significance of linguistic landscape

C. Application of linguistic landscape in language learning/ Teaching.

D. Use of Linguistic landscape in advertising

1. Gorter, D (Ed).2006. Linguistic Landscape: A New Approach to Multilingualism.

Canada: Multilingual Matters.

2. Shohamy, E and Gorter, D (eds). 2009. Linguistic Landscape: Expanding the Scenery.

New York : Routledge.

1. Blommaert, J. 2013. Ethnography, Super diversity and Linguistic Landscape. Canada:

Multilingual Matters

2. Gorter, D. Heiko F. Marten and Luk Van Mansel (Eds).2006. Minority Language in the Linguistic Landscape. England : Palgrave

3. Shohamy, E, Ben-Rafael, E and Barni, M (eds).2010. Linguistic Landscape in the City.

Canada: Multilingual Matters.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS LINGUISTICS AND LANGUAGE TEACHING

SESSION 2020-21

 To introduce the principles of language teaching of L1, L2, SL/FL.

 To understand different methods of language teaching.

 To provide basic information on Language testing and its needs.

 Understand language teaching and its types.

 Have knowledge of the different methods and strategies of language teaching

 Understand the basic functions of language testing

UNIT I

A. Linguistics and Language Teaching.

B. Native and Second/Foreign Language Teaching.

C. Principles of Language Teaching.

D. Language Skills: Teaching of Language Skills.

UNIT II

A. Methods of Language Teaching: Grammar-Translation Method, Direct Method, Audio- lingual Method.

B. Methods of Language Teaching II: Communicative Method.

C. Selection, Gradation and Presentation of the Teaching Materials.

D. Contrastive Analysis and Its Importance in Language Teaching.

UNIT III

A. Error Analysis; Stages in Error Analysis; Significance of Learners Errors.

B. Language Testing I: Types of Language Test; Qualities of a good test-Reliability, Validity and Discrimination.

C. Language Testing II: Tests Designed for Different Purposes-Achievement test, Aptitude Test, Proficiency test and Diagnostic Test.

D. ICT (Information Communication Technology) in Language Teaching.

1. Halliday, M. A. K. et al. 1964. The Linguistics Sciences and Language Teaching.

London: Longman.

2. Lado, R. 1964. Language Teaching: A scientific Approach. New York: McGraw-Hill.

3. Richards, Jack C. and Theodore S. Rodgers. 2001. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press

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1. Burn, P. V. 1974. Contrastive Analysis. In J. P. B. Allen and S. Pit Corder (eds.) Techniques in Applied Linguistics. Vol. 3. London: Oxford University Press.

2. Corder, S. P. 1981. Error Analysis and Interlanguage. In J. P. B. Allen and S. Pit Corder (eds.) Techniques in Applied Linguistics. Vol. 3. London: Oxford University Press.

3. Lado, R. 1957. Linguistics across Cultures. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

4. Littlewood, W. 1981. Communicative Language Teaching: An introduction. Cambridge:

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLINGUISTICS

SESSION 2020-21

B. A. 6^th(SEMESTER) CREDITS: 04

 To explore the relationship between language and society.

 To understand the different language varieties.

 To explain the consequences of language contact situation.

 To throw light on the issue of language planning.

 Understand the ways language and social contexts interact.

 Have knowledge of language varieties that exist in our society.

 Know how social factors affect language.

 Develop an understanding of the issues regarding planning of languages.

UNIT I

A. Linguistics and Sociolinguistics B. Scope, Goals of Sociolinguistics.

C. Sociolinguistics and Sociology of Language.

D. Speech Community.

UNIT II

A. Language, Dialect, Standard Language.

B. Verbal Repertoire, Lingua Franca, Register, Style, Jargon.

C. Social Factors and Language: Age, Gender, Class, Ethnicity, Education.

D. Communicative Competence.

UNIT III

A. Language Contact: Multilingualism, Bilingualism.

B. Borrowing, Code-Switching, Diglossia.

C. Pidgin, Creole, Koine.

D. Language Planning: Corpus, Status Acquisition Planning.

1. Gerard, V. 2012. What is Sociolinguistics? Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.

2. Hudson, R. A. 1980. Sociolinguistics. London: Cambridge University Press.

3. Pride, J. B. and Holmes, J. (eds.) 1972. Sociolinguistics. Middlesex: Penguin.

4. Trudgill, P. 1974.Sociolinguistics: An introduction. Middlesex: Penguin.

5. Wardhaugh, R. 1986. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

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1. Coulmas, F. 1998. The Handbook of Sociolinguistics. Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers.

2. Myers-Scotton, C. 2005. Multiple Voices: An Introduction to Bilingualism.Oxford:

Blackwell Publishing.

3. Wei, Li (Ed.) 2000. The Bilingualism Reader. London and New York: Routledge.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

SESSION 2020-21

 To explore the relationship between language and literature.

 To improve the understanding of the literary devices.

 To provide an overview of the understanding of style and methods in stylistic analysis.

 To develop an understanding of organization of text.

 Define the relationship between language and literature.

 Critically examine the features of literary text.

 Understand the ways in which language is used, meanings generated and organized in written and spoken text.

 Learn to apply approaches in the stylistic and discourse analysis of texts.

UNIT I

A. Literature; Literary Text: Characteristics and Functions.

B. Language in Literature; Linguistic Approach to Literature.

C. Language and Style; Need for Stylistics.

D. Aims of Stylistics.

UNIT II

A. Principles of Stylistics; Data in Stylistics.

B. What is Style? Levels of Stylistics Analysis.

C. Methods and Issues in Stylistic Analysis.

D. Stylistic Devices: Exercises.

UNIT III

A. Text as Discourse: Functional Categories of Style.

B. Coherence and Cohesion.

C. Stylistics as an Interdiscipline.

D. Text Analysis: Exercises.

1. Sebeok, T.A. (ed.) 1960. Style in Language. Cambridge Mass: MIT Press.

2. Toolan, M. 1996. Language in Literature: An Introduction to Stylistics. London: Arnold.

3. Wales, K. 1989. A Dictionary of Stylistics. London: Longman.

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1. Leech, G. and Mclntyre, D. 2010.Stylistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

2. Kumar, S. (ed.) 1987. Stylistics and Text Analysis. New Delhi: Bahri Publication.

3. Widdowson, H. G. 1992. Practical Stylistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLINGUISTICS

SESSION 2020-21

 To introduce the basic concepts of Psycholinguistics.

 To discuss the relationship between language and brain.

 To discuss some theories and approaches of language acquisition and learning.

 To provide the important concepts in language processing, comprehension and production.

 Discuss the relationship between language and brain.

 Understand approaches to language acquisition.

 Differentiate between language acquisition and learning.

UNIT I

A. Psycholinguistics: Nature and Scope.

B. Developmental Psycholinguistics-Language Acquisition.

C. Understanding What We Hear And Read-Language Comprehension.

D. Discourse and Comprehension.

UNIT II

A. Language and Brain-Neurolinguistics B. Language Loss-Dissolution of Language C. Language Attitudes And Perception D. Linguistic Relativity.

UNIT III

A. Approaches to Language Acquisition and Learning.

B. Understanding Various Language Skills.

C. Language and Cognition.

D. Putting Words In One’s Mouth: Language Production.

1. Beg, M. K. A. 1991. Psycholinguistics and Language Acquisition. New Delhi: Bahri Publications.

2. Clark, H. H. and Clark, E. V. (1977) Psychology and Language: An Introduction to Psycholinguistics. New York: Harcoart Brace Jovanovich Inc.

3. Scovel, T. 2002. Psycholinguistics. New York: Oxford University Press.

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1. Jean Aitchison. (2008) The Articulate Mammal. 5^th edition

2. Jean Aitchison (2012) Words in the Mind: An Introduction to the Mental Lexicon, 4^th Edition

3. Reed, V. A. (2018). An Introduction to Children with Language Disorders. Pearson New York.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS LANGUAGE TESTING

SESSION 2020-21 B. A. 6^th (SEMESTER)

Paper Code: LNB-655 CREDIT: 04

SESSIONAL MARKS: 30 END-SEMESTER: 70 TOTAL = 100

 To explore the relationship between language teaching and language testing.

 To develop an understanding of the requirements of a good test.

 To develop an understanding of different types of tests and designing of tests.

 To develop an understanding of application of computers in language testing.

 Understand the relationship between language teaching and language testing.

 Critically examine the requirements of a good test.

 Understand various types of tests.

 Know how to design different tests for different purposes.

UNIT I:

A. Language Testing ; Aims and Scope B. Language Teaching and Language Testing C. Subjective and Objective Tests

D. Different Models of Objective Tests UNIT II:

A. Requirements of a Test; Validity, Reliability and Discrimination

B. Test Designed for Different Purposes; Aptitude Test, Achievement Test and Proficiency Test

C. Computer Assisted Language Testing (CALT) D. ‘Cloze’ Test and its Relevance

UNIT III:

A. Testing Listening Skill B. Testing Speaking Skill C. Testing Reading Skill D. Testing Writing Skill ESSENTIAL READINGS:

1. Allen, J. P. B. and Corder, S.P. 1974.Techniques in Applied Linguistics. Oxford University Press.

2. Allison, D. 1999.Language Testing and Evaluation: An Introductory Course. Singapore:

Singapore University Press.

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3. Khan, A. A. 2013. Urdu Language Testing: A Critical Approach. Delhi: Indian Institute of Language Studies.

4. Khan, A. A. 2014.Testing Urdu Language: A Linguistic Approach. Delhi: Indian Institute of Language Studies

5. Lado, R. 1961.Language Testing. London: Longman, Green & Co. Ltd.

6. Subbiah, P. (1998) Evaluation and Testing: An Introduction to Terminology. Mysore:

CIIL.

1. Bachman L.F. (2003) Fundamental Consideration in Language Testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

2. Davies, A. 1999. Dictionary of Language Testing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

3. Henning, G. 1987.A Guide to language Testing. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Newberry House Publishers.

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DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS LEXICOGRAPHY

SESSION 2020-21 B. A. 6^th (SEMESTER)

Paper Code: LNB-656 CREDIT: 04

SESSIONAL MARKS: 30 END-SEMESTER: 70 TOTAL = 100

 To provide basic understanding of linguistic techniques in dictionary compilation.

 To explore the relationship between lexicography and lexicology.

 To develop the understanding of the components of lexicography.

 To provide an overview of dictionary typology.

 Develop an understanding of dictionary making.

 Develop an understanding of the microstructure-macrostructure of the dictionary.

 Comprehend and identify the problems in lexicography.

 Develop an understanding of use of technology in lexicography.

UNIT I

A. Domains of Lexicography and Lexicology B. Dictionary Typology

C. Encyclopaedic Dictionaries and their Peculiarities D. Lexicography: Theoretical and Practical

UNIT II

A. Components of Lexicography B. Contents of Lemma

C. Microstructure.

D. Macrostructure UNIT III

A. Arrangement of Entries B. Bilingual Dictionaries

C. The Use of Computers in Lexicography D. Problems in Lexicography

1. Hartman R.K. 1983. Lexicography: Principles and Practice. New York: Academic Press 2. Singh, R. 1991. An Introduction to Lexicography. Mysore: CIIL.

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1. Fontenlle, T. (ed.) 2008. Practical Lexicography. Oxford: OUP

2. Landau, S.I. 1989. Dictionaries: The Art and Craft of Lexicography Cambridge. Cambridge University Press

3. Svensen, B. 1993. Practical Lexicography. Oxford: OUP

4. Sterkenburg, P.V. (ed.) 2003. A Practical Guide to Lexicography. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.