DISSERTATION ON
“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON
KNOWLEDGE REGARDING CORD BLOOD BANK AMONG III YEAR DIPLOMA IN GENERAL NURSING AND MIDWIFERY STUDENTS AT SELECTED SCHOOL OF
NURSING TAMILNADU”
M.SC (NURSING) DEGREE EXAMINATION BRANCH- III OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGICAL
NURSING
COLLEGE OF NURSING
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE, CHENNAI-600 003.
A dissertation submitted to
THE TAMIL NADU Dr.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI- 600 032
In partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
OCTOBER – 2019
“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON
KNOWLEDGE REGARDING CORD BLOOD BANK AMONG III YEAR DIPLOMA IN GENERAL NURSING AND MIDWIFERY STUDENTS AT SELECTED SCHOOL OF
NURSING , TAMILNADU.”
Examination : M.Sc (Nursing) Degree Examination Examination Month and Year : OCTOBER 2019
Branch & Course : III – OBSTETRICS AND
GYNECOLOGICAL NURSING
Register Number : 301721253
Institution : COLLEGE OF NURSING,
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE, CHENNAI – 600 003.
Sd: __________________ Sd:___________________
Internal Examiner External Examiner
Date: ____________ Date: ____________
THE TAMILNADU Dr.M.G.R MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI – 600 032.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this dissertation titled “A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING CORD BLOOD BANK AMONG III YEAR DIPLOMA IN GENERAL NURSING AND MIDWIFERY STUDENTS AT SELECTED SCHOOL OF NURSING, TAMILNADU” is a bonafide work done by JINTA SAMUEL, M.Sc(N) II year student, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai submitted to The Tamil Nadu DR.M.G.R Medical University, Chennai. In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Master of Science in Nursing, Branch III- OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGICAL NURSING, under our guidance and supervision during the academic period from 2017 – 2019.
Ms. A.Thahira Begum, M.Sc (N)., MBA., M.Phil., Principal
College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai -03
Dr.R.Jayanthi, MD, FRCP(Glasg) Dean
Madras Medical College Chennai -03
“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON
KNOWLEDGE REGARDING CORD BLOOD BANK AMONG III YEAR DIPLOMA IN GENERAL NURSING AND MIDWIFERY STUDENTS AT SELECTED SCHOOL OF
NURSING, TAMILNADU”.
Approved by dissertation committee on 24.07.2018 CLINICAL SPECIALITY GUIDE
Mrs. S. Thenmozhi, M.Sc (N)., ____________
Lecturer in Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, College of Nursing,
Madras Medical College, Chennai – 03.
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
Mrs. A. Thahira Begum, M.Sc (N), MBA, M.Phil.,
Principal, ____________
College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai – 03.
DEAN
Dr. R. JAYANTHI, MD, FRCP (Glasg)., ____________
Dean,
Madras Medical College, Chennai – 03.
A Dissertation submitted to
THE TAMILNADU Dr. M.G.R MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI – 600 032.
In partial fulfilment of the requirement for award of the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
OCTOBER – 2019
CERTIFICATE OF PLAGIARISM
This is to certify that the dissertation work titled, “A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING CORD BLOOD BANK AMONG III YEAR DIPLOMA IN GENERAL NURSING AND MIDWIFERY STUDENTS AT SELECTED SCHOOL OF NURSING, TAMILNADU” of the candidate JINTA SAMUEL, for the partial fulfilment of M.Sc Nursing Programme in the branch of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing has been verified for plagiarism through relevant plagiarism checker. We found that the uploaded thesis file from introduction to conclusion pages and rewrite shows % of plagiarism ( % uniqueness) in this dissertation.
CLINICAL GUIDE/SUPERVISOR Mrs. S. Thenmozhi, M.Sc (N).,
Lecturer in Obstetrics & Gynecological Nursing College of nursing,
Madras medical college, Chennai - 03
PRINCIPAL
Mrs. A. Thahira Begum, M.Sc (N)., MBA., M.Phil., Principal,
College of nursing, Madras medical college, Chennai – 03
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
“For you, Lord, have made me glad through your work: I will triumph in the works of your hands”
- Psalm 92:4
Gratitude calls never expressed in words but this only to deep perceptions, which make words to flow from one’s inner heart.
First of all, I praise God Almighty, merciful and passionate, for providing me this opportunity and granting me the capability to complete this study successfully. I lift up my heart in gratitude to God Almighty; I feel the hand of God on me, leading me through thick and thin heights of knowledge. It is he who granted me the grace and the physical and mental strength behind all my efforts.
This dissertation appears in its current form due to the assistance and guidance of many professionals and non-professionals. The investigator is whole heartedly indebted to her research advisors for their comprehensive assistance in various forms.
I express my genuine gratitude to the Institutional Ethics Committee of Madras Medical College for giving me an opportunity to conduct this study.
I wish to express my sincere thanks to Dr.R.Jayanthi, M.D., FRCP (Glasg), Dean, Madras Medical College, Chennai for providing necessary facilities and extending support to conduct this study.
At the very outset, I express my whole hearted gratitude to my esteemed guide, Mrs. A. Thahira Begum M. Sc, (N), MBA, M.Phil., Principal, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai for her academic and professional excellence, treasured guidance, highly
moral support and patience that has molded me to conquer the spirit of knowledge for sculpturing my manus cript into thesis.
I wish to express my special and sincere heartful thanks to Former Director Dr.Santhi Gunasingh MD., DGO., Director of Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital for Women and Children granting permission to conduct the study.
My heart felt thanks to Dr.Shobha, MD., DGO., Director , Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecological hospital for Women and Children, Egmore, Chennai-08, for her valuable guidance and validated the content encouragement in making this study a grand success.
I am highly indebted to Dr.R.Shankar Shanmugam, M.Sc(N), MBA, Ph.D., Reader, H.O.D – Department of Nursing Research, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, for his great support, warm encouragement, constant guidance, thought provoking suggestions, brain storming ideas, timely insightful decision, correction of the thesis with constant motivation and willingness to help all the time for the fruitful outcome of this study.
I would like to express my deepest sense of gratitude to Mrs.S.Lilli Puspam, M.Sc.(N)., Reader, H.O.D –Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, for his highly instructive research mentorship, her hard work, efforts, interest and sincerity to mould this study in a successful way. Her easy approachability and understanding nature inspired me to laid strong foundation in research. It is very essential to mention her wisdom and helping nature made my research study a lively and everlasting one.
I am grateful to Mrs.S.Thenmozhi, M.Sc(N), Lecturer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, College of Nursing,
Madras Medical College, for her valuable guidance, suggestions, motivation, timely help and support throughout the completion of this study.
I am extremely grateful to Mrs.V.Vijayalakshmi, M.Sc(N), Former Lecturer, in Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, for her encouragement, valuable suggestion, support and advice given in the study.
I am grateful to Dr.G. Mala, M.Sc (N), Ph.D., (Retd. Nursing Tutor) and Mr. Kannan, M.Sc (N), MBA, Nursing Tutor, Department of Nursing Research, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, for his valuable guidance, suggestion, support and advice given in t he study.
I am thankful to all the Faculty of College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, for their timely advice, encouragement and support.
It’s my duty to convey my thanks to all experts, Dr.G.Manilakshmi, DNB., and Dr.A.Nasrin, Assistant Professor, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Government Hospital for Women and Children, Egmore, Chennai. And Dr.Susila., RN, RM, M.Sc(N)., Ph.D., Billroth College of Nursing, Madhuravoyal, Chennai.
Mrs.A.I.Chitra, Vice Principal, G.R.T College of Nursing, Thiruthani, who validated the research tool and guided me with valuable suggestions and corrections, constructive judgments while validating the tool.
I render my deep sense of sincere thanks to Mrs.S.Kalaiyarasi M.Sc(N), Principal, School of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai, who had given me the permission to conduct this study in their esteemed institutions and also, for his valuable suggestions and guidance for this study.
I owe my deepest sense of gratitude to Mr.A.Venkatesan, M.Sc.
(Statistics)., P.G.D.C.A, Statistician for his suggestion and guidance in statistical analysis.
I thank our librarian Mr.S.Ravi., M.L.I.S, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College for his co-operation and assistance which built the sound knowledge for this study.
I thank Mrs.P.Petchiammal, M.A., B.ED., M.Phil., for editing and providing certificate of English editing.
I thank Mrs.V.Mahadevi, M.A., B.Ed., M.Phil, for editing and providing certificate of Tamil editing.
I extend my immense love and gratitude to my Mother Mrs.Sisy Varghese and my sister Dr.Jisha Acsah Samuel for their loving support, encouragement, earnest prayer, which enabled me to accomplish my study.
A very special thanks to my Husband Mr.Jobin P Johns for his constant support, endless patience, unflagging love and motivation which helped me to complete my study successfully.
I am grateful to convey thanks to my friends Ms.Subashree, Mr.Udaya Kumar, Ms.Tamil Elakiya ,Ms .Sivaranjani, Ms.Bharathi for their patience and co-operation throughout the study
At final note, I extend my thanks to all those who have been directly and indirectly associated with my study at various stages not mentioned in this acknowledgement.
I have much pleasure of expressing my cordial appreciation and thanks to all the Nursing students, School of Nursing ,Madras Medical College, Chennai who participated in the study with interest and cooperation.
I take this opportunity to thank all my, Teaching, Colleagues, friends and Non-Teaching Staff Members, of Madras Medical College – College of Nursing for their co-operation and help rendered to us .
I thank the one above, omnipresent God, for answering my prayers, for giving me the strength to plod on each and every phase of my life.
ABSTRACT
“The effort of science in today is the construction of technology of tomorrow. Cord blood banking is also quoted as biological insurance since it is the one of new option expecting their parents ca n select to have an extra assurance focusing on the health of their child. A baby can be bestowed with love , money virtually anything , but storing its cord blood is a once in lifetime opportunity in its real sense it knocks just once when the baby is born as life insurance policy. It explains that obstetric and gynaecological nurses must know about the value of cord blood storage ,who are in contact with the pregnant mother and her family. Umbilical cord blood is a readily available source of hematopoietic stem cells that treat a variety of malignant and non - malignant diseases in children and adult. Nurses as frontline health care professionals need to understand umbilical cord stem cells and their application in medicine.
TITLE
“A Study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding cord blood bank among III Year Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery students at selected school of Nursing, Tamilnadu.”
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
To assess the pre-test level of knowledge regarding cord blood bank among Diploma in general Nursing and midwifery students .
To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding cord blood bank among Diploma in general Nursing and Midwifery students (Post test)
To compare the pre test and post test level of knowledge among Diploma in general Nursing and midwifery students .
To find out the association between the post test level of knowledge regarding cord blood bank with their demographic variables.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
This study was conducted with 90 (Diploma in Nursing and Midwifery III Year Students) samples in quantitative approach, pre – experimental design, one group pre test and post test design ,sampling selection was done by convenient sampling technique .The study was conducted in School of Nursing, Madras Medical College , located at Chennai . These are government affliated colleges under M.G.R Medical university. Pre existing knowledge was assessed by using semi structured questionnaires after the pre test, structured teaching program was given regarding cord blood bank using PPT and Booklets after 7 days post test was conducted using the same tool.
RESULTS
According to the pre test 44.4 % considered as inadequate, 52.2% considered as moderate ,3.4 % considered as adequate. according to the post test 86.7 % considered as adequate and 13 .3 % considered as moderate and 0 % is considered as in adequate . From the post test evaluation midwifery students are having 86,7% of adequate level of knowledge and 13. 3 % having moderate level of knowledge and none of the above have inadequate level of knowledge . Considering overall knowledge score, in pre test Midwifery students are having 15.44 score and in post test they are having 24.80 score, so the difference is 9.36.
This difference is large and statistically significant difference.
CONCLUSION
Hence, structured teaching programme was effective, appropriate and feasible to impart knowledge to nursing students . It would help the students to acquire knowledge and they will disseminate the importance
INDEX
Chapter Content Page No
I INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background of the study 4
1.2. Need for the study 5
1.3. Statement of the problem 13
1.4. Objectives 14
1.5. Operational Definitions 14
1.6. Assumptions 15
1.7. Research Hypothesis 15
1.8. Limitations 15
1.9. Conceptual Framework 16
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1. Review of Literature 19
III METHODOLOGY
3.1. Research approach 34
3.2. Study design 34
3.3. Research Variables Dependent Variable Independent Variable Demographic Variable
35
3.4. Study Setting 35
3.5. Duration of the study 35
3.6. Study population Target Population Accessible Population
36
3.7. Study sample 36
38. Sample size 36
3.9.Sampling Technique 36
3.10. Criteria for Sample Selection Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
36
Chapter Content Page No 3.11. Development and description of the tool
Development of tool Description of the tool Scoring procedure
37
3.12. Content Validity 38
3.13. Reliability of the Tool 39
3.14. Ethical Consideration 39
3.15 .Pilot Study 39
3.16. Data Collection Procedure 40
3.17 Plan for data entry and analysis 42 IV DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 44
V DISCUSSION 66
VI SUMMARY, IMPLICATION, LIMITATION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION 6.1. Summary of the Study
6.2. Major findings of the Study 6.3. Implications of the Study 6.4. Limitations
6.5. Recommendations 6.6. Conclusion
73
REFERENCES APPENDICES
LIST OF TABLES
Table
No. Title Page
No.
3.1. Description of study design 34
3.2. Interpretation of score 38
3.3. Blue print of questionnaire 38
3.4. Intervention protocol 42
4.1. Distribution of demographic variables of DGNM students in the study.
46 4.2. Domain wise percentage of pre-test level of
knowledge score among DGNM students .
51 4.3. Pre-test level of knowledge score among DGNM
students
52 4.4. Domain wise post level of knowledge among DGNM
students
53 4.5. Post test level of knowledge score among DGNM
students
54 4.6. Comparison of domain wise pre test and post test
level of knowledge among DGNM students.
55 4.7. Domain wise pre test and post test percentage of
knowledge score among DGNM students .
57 4.8. Domain wise pre test and post test level of knowledge
score among DGNM students .
58 4.9 Effectiveness and generalization of knowledge gain
score
59 4.10 Association between post test level of knowledge with
their demographic variables
60
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig.
No. Title
1.1. Incidence of Cancer in India (2018) 1.2. Estimated Population with diseases
1.3. Worldwide cord blood banking rates (2015)
1.4. Overall survival of related and unrelated donors (2017) 1.5. US Cord blood banking Market Service Scheme
1.6. Global level Successful Cord Blood Banking Rates 1.7. Nationwide Survey Report for Cord Blood Banking 1.8. State wise Survey Report of Cord Blood Banking 1.9. Nursing Model –Nursing Professional practice model
1.10 Conceptual framework based on Ernestine widen berg(19 90) 3.1 Schematic representation of methodology
4.1. Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to age group
4.2. Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to Religion
4.3 Distribution of demographic variables of samp les according to educational status of the father
4.4 Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to occupational status of the father
4.5 Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to educational status of mother
4.6 Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to occupation of the mother
4.7 Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to place of residence
Fig.
No. Title
4.8 Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to type of family system
4.9 Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to family monthly income
4.10. Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to availability of mass media
4.11 Distribution of demographic variables of samples according to received information about cord blood bank
4.12 Distribution of Pre test level of knowledge score 4.13 Distribution of post test level of knowledge score
4.14. Domain wise pre test and post test percentage of knowledge score
4.15 Distribution of pre test and post test level of knowledge score 4.16 Distribution of knowledge score before and after administration
of structured teaching programme .
4.17 Association between post test level of knowledge and mothers education status
4.18 Association between post test level of knowledge score and fathers education status
4.19 Association between post test level of knowledge score and type of family
4.20 Association between post test level of knowledge score and family monthly income
LIST OF APPENDICES
S.
No Description
1. Certificate approval by Institutional Ethics Committee 2. Certificate of content validity by Experts
3. Letter seeking permission to conduct the study 4. Tool for data collection
Section A: Questionnaire regarding socio demographic vari ables Section B: Semi Structured Questionnaire regarding cord blood bank
Section C: Lesson plan
5. Informed consent form- English 6. Certificate of English Editing 7. Photos
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
Abbreviation Expansion
UCBB Umbilical cord blood banking
DGNM Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery
UNICEF United Nations International Children’s Education Fund WHH Women’s Health Hospital
WHO World Health Organization
ACOG American College of Gynaecology NCBP National cord blood program HLA Human leucocyte antigen GVHD Graft versus host disease TIDM Type 1 diabetes mellitus MCQ Multiple choice questions STP Structured teaching program HSC Hematopoietic stem cells
AABB American association of blood banks GNM General nursing and midwifery SCT Stem cell transplantation
CI Confidence Interval
SD Standard Deviation
UG Under graduate
CBT Cord blood transplantation
Chapter – 1
Introduction
CHAPTER -I INTRODUCTION
“The effort of science of today is the construction of technology for tomorrow “-
–Edward Teller 2017
Medicine as a field ,continues to be greatly revolutionized by continuous advancements in both treatment and technology .A baby can be bestowed with love , money virtually anything , but storing its cord blood is a once in lifetime opportunity in its real sense .it knocks just once when the baby is born as life insurance policy. Cord blood is the blood from the baby that is left in the umbilical cord and placenta after the birth and it contains special cells called hematopoietic stem cells that can be used to treat various types of diseases . Cord blood banking is also quoted as biological insurance since it is the one of new option expecting their parents can select to have an extra assurance focusing on the health of their child.
One of the important thing is on the day of birth of baby ,parents will be probably having visions on the future of the babies and finds great pleasure in enjoying their each phases of their growth and development . But some parents do consider the pos sibility that a serious illness might someday affect their child and they make a choice on deciding to bank their newborn’s cord blood . It explains that obstetric and gynaecological nurses must know about the value of cord blood storage , who are in contact with the pregnant mother and her family. (WHO 2015)
In 1989 this laboratory began as a series of studies examining the use of cord blood for transplantation. These studies spurred interest in the establishment of cord blood bank. In June 1992 ,laboratory established the first cord bank in the world . Dr. Eliane Gluckman and
Dr.Joannekutzberg who established world’s largest cord blood transplant program. The national cord blood program of NYBC in US is the single largest Cord blood bank and since 1993 ha s shipped more than 1,765 units for transplantation .This program was started as one of the NYBC’s research activities and later become a separate centre. In the united states, food and drug administration regulates cord blood under the category of Human cells, tissues and cellular tissue based products.
The code of federal regulations under which the FDA regulates public and private cord blood (FEDERAL REGULATION ACT 2017 )
Cord blood can be stored in two types –public cord blood bank store cord blood for allogeneic transplants .The stem cells in the donated blood can be used by anyone who matches ,mainly for restoring the need of public as direct donation. Public cord blood collects for clinical use unit is potentially available for any patient and there is no specification that it is applied for the person or the family . Private or family banks is purely consider for autologous transplants . The stem cells in the donated blood can be used by themselves and yearly charges for storage . Private Cord blood bank collect and store the blood for clinical use and it can be available for the family members and the bank charge up front collection fee and then typically charge for the regulations to the quality criteria.
The role of a CB bank, public or private, is to assure patients and their families and the patients to provide high quality products which is potent, pure and in order to avoid the infection caused from the immunologic diseases to the recipient. The standards, accreditation, regulations are maintained in order to maintain the quality and to improve cellular transplantation and the regenerative medicine .focus on the goals and the standards to provoke the umbilical cord blood banking.
It is the nurses role to provide with professional education to focus the importance of cord blood and the potential of storing the cord blood .Nurses are the one who have the important role in collecting the umbilical cord blood after the cord has been isolated from the child and mother , but several misconceptions ,ignorance and inadequate knowledge on umbilical cord stem cells are prevalent among the health care providers ,thus there is a need to improve the knowledge of the nurses on umbilical cord blood stem cell collection , preservation and utilization .(UJALA JOSHI 2017)
Frontiers in Medicine Hematology (2016) reported in cord blood banking plays an important role in stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy with the regenerative medicine used for both adult and the paediatrics for the malignant and non- malignant diseases. Cord blood bank which stores the blood contain both the private and the public banks for the unique cell production for the life threatening diseases including immune system ,genetic disorders ,neurologic disorders . The diseases such as acute lymphoblastic disease ,Acute Myelogenous leukaemia ,Acute phenotypic leukaemia, Acute undifferentiated leukaemia ,chronic lymphocytic leukaemia ,chronic Myelogenous leukemia, Juvenile chronic Myelogenous leukaemia ,Myelodysplastic leukaemia ,lymphoma ,sickle cell disease ,Aplastic anaemia ,Beta thalassemia major, Glanzmann thrombasthenia ,omen syndrome such as neutropenia, kostmann syndrome, Hermansky pudiak syndrome, pearsons syndrome, Hurler syndrome, Osteopetrosis, Wolmans disease s.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Cell is the structural and the functional unit of all the organisms on the earth and Cell Science is a scientific discipline that studies the structure and the physiological characters of these cells. Cord blood stem cell research has been extensively explored worldwide to enhance human health in medical setting.
Stem cells have tremendous promise in helping us to understand and treat a range of various diseases, injuries and other health related conditions. Umbilical cord blood is a readily available source of hematopoietic stem cells that treat a variety of malignant and non- malignant diseases in children and adult. Cord blood stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and can be divided and to produce more cord blood stem cells.
Cord blood stem cells are currently used to treat a range of blood disorders and immune system conditions such as leukaemia, anaemia and autoimmune diseases. These stem cells are used largely in the treatment of children but have also started being used in adults following chemotherapy treatment. The future experts believe that umbilical cord blood is an important source of haematopoietic stem cells and expect that its full potential for treatment of bl ood disorders is yet to be revealed. Other types of stem cells such as induced pluripotent stem cells may prove to be better suited to treating non -blood-related diseases, but this question can only be answered by further research.
Cord blood stem cells have an ability to grow and differentiate, they are being considered as the treatment option to replace the diseased cells, tissue repairs so as to improve the efficiency and working of a failing organ and organ system e.g. failing heart to function due to damage to the cardiac tissues and muscles. Thus stem cells offer the possibility of a renewable source for replacement of the affected cells and tissues to treat variety of diseases, trauma and injuries. Nurses as frontline health care professionals need to understand umbilical cord stem cells and their application in medicine.
AIM OF THE STUDY
To evaluate the effect of structured teaching programme on III year Diploma In Nursing and Midwifery Students performance
regarding umbilical cord blood banking . Researchers sought to assess nurses' knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood banking and identifying the barriers of it to be applied as their support is crucial to the success of development and functioning of cord blood banks in every hospitals of Tamilnadu.
NEED FOR THE STUDY
According to WHO (2018) Umbilical cord blood banking is the revolutionary method that preserves stem cells from the umbilical cord ,so it is like storing potential medication for the use in the future if and whenever needed .It is like securing the baby with biological insurance .
According to Hindu newspaper (2018) Cancer is the second biggest cause of death in India ,growing at 11 percent annually . There are 2. 5 million cancer cases and 7 lakhs death in a year in India and out of this cancer related deaths is 3,95,400 .Men – 2,00,100 . women – 1,95,300. 2000 new cases to be detected in each day in India and expected to be 17.3 lakh by 2020 .
Fig 1.1 Incidence of Cancer in India (2018)
As per Estimated population January (2017) More than 70 diseases have now been treated using cord blood cells . These include malignant diseases like leukaemia , neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma ,and several other non-malignant diseases as well . Non – malignant diseases are primarily inherited disorders of the blood and immune systems causes genetic diseases affecting metabolism . On an average 17,20,000 births are occurring per day in India and same time discarding of cord also takes place which is considered as one of the waste product. So it is necessary to highlight the storage of stem cells derived from umbilical cord can prove to be best possible measures against life threatening disease.
Fig. 1.2. Estimated Population with diseases
According to The Hindu newspaper (2015) reported that that 1500 stem cells are received every month in India . Approximately
4,00,000 cord blood banks were started world wide 14,000 unrelated cord blood transplants have been performed for patients with hematologic malignancies and bone marrow disorders .
Fig 1.3. Worldwide cord blood banking rates (2015)
According to the Times of India (2017) Indians have high incidence of diseases like diabetes mellitus and heart ailments , in the treatment of which cord blood can be a godsend , The potential of these stem cells are far higher because they prevent graft versus host disease.Cord bood can also be used for family members . There is 50 % chance of a perfect match for a parent and 25 % chance for a perfect match for a sibling . However one of the many benefits of cord blood is that you do not need a perfect match because stem cells from umbilical cord are very immature and have limited exposure to the environment and viruses unlike bone marrow .
Fig. 1.4. Overall survival of related and unrelated donors (2017)
According to National research institute report (2017) The role of nurse in this field is continually expanding and changing in order to offer appropriate guidance for pregnant women . They are a trusted source of information for most patients . Nurses have a unique opportunity to help educate expected parents about their options atleast three months before delivery so they can make an informed decision about their baby’s cord blood stem cells. The nurse needs to be informed about the practise and indications for cord blood banking and be able to direct the patients for making appropriate options. During clinical posting as nursing student and working as a staff nurse, came across nurses who have some knowledge regarding cord blood banking .
Plum X Metrics (2015) reports perinatal care providers should be informed about the promising clinical potential of hematopoietic stem cells in umbilical cord blood and about current indications for its collection, storage and use based on sound scientific science.
As per American college of obstetrics and gynaecologist healthcare professional must be trained in standardised procedures ( ex – utero and in – utero techniques ) for cord blood collection to ensure thee sterility and quality of the collection unit. Health care professionals should inform pregnant women and their factors of the benefits of cord clamping and its impact on cord blood collection and banking .
According to American College of obstetricians and gynaecologist (2017) women’s health care physicians reports that public umbilical cord blood banking is recommended method of obtaining umbilical cord blood for use in transplantation ,immune therapies and the medical care for validated indications .
Fig 1.5. US Cord blood banking Market Service Scheme
Bertan Rink (2017) reports if a patient requires information about Umbilical cord blood banking , balanced and accurate information regarding the advantages and disadvantages of public and private umbilical cord blood banking should be provided .
Plum x (2015) reports that collection and long term storage of umbilical cord blood for autologous donation is not recommended because of the limited indications and lack of
Scientific evidence to support the practise and informed consent for umbilical cord blood collection cord blood banking should be obtained before the onset of labour with confirmation of consent after delivery .
Prenatal care providers and obstetric facilities (2015) stated that umbilical cord blood should be considered as allogenic transplantation in the treatment of choice for a child who doesnot have an HLA – identical sibling or a well –matched ,unrelated adult bone marrow donar . umbilical cord should be considered for allogenic transplantation in adolescents and young adults with hematologic malignancies who have no suitable bone marrow donar and who require urgent transplantation.
In global level (2018) the totally 307 successful studies had been conducted all over the world and in 9 countries South East Asia had second least place among all.
Fig. 1.6. Global level Successful Cord Blood Banking Rates
In India (2018) the knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood majority of 36 % reported they don’t know regarding the cord blood bank and 30 % of the population accepts only when they assure tha t it is
not Public cord blood collects for clinical use unit is potentially available for any patient and there is no specification that it is applied for the person or the family
ready to accept it and 9 % accepts and shows the willingness due to the high risk adherence and 1% accepts due to the ability of financial compensation .
Fig.1.7. Nationwide Survey Report for Cord Blood Banking.
In 2018 Tamilnadu survey was done and the statistical incidence analysis shows that 76.7% had negative knowledge and 23,3
% had positive knowledge about the cord blood bank
Fig. 1.8. Tamilnadu Survey Report of Cord Blood Banking Knowledge
Fig. 1.9. Nursing Professional Practice Model
Nurse midwife integrates ethical provisions in all areas of cord blood banking such as legal issues ,cost ,policies, procedures .Nurses enhances collaboration with the pregnant mother , partner ,family members, other health care professionals to support the upcoming practices on cord blood bank .Nurses focuses on the education aspect for attaining knowledge and competency towards cord blood banking that reflects prime nursing practise for the future ,Nurses empower leadership role in promoting the benefits and utilization of cord blood bank and eliminate the misconceptions and the ignorance .Nurses incorporate the emerging technologies in the research based on the evidence and uphold the success rates of the transplants to excel the cord blood practise and to increase the banks .The cord blood banking quality of practise has to be improved by maintaining standards in the collection unit
Nurse researcher has selected this study because the nursing students are the next pillars who step their path into the field of nursing, so it is very essential for them to know regarding the cord blood bank and to disseminate their knowledge to the family and the health care professionals.
Nurse Midwife
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
“A Study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding cord blood bank among III Year Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery students at selected School Of Nursing , Tamilnadu.”
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
To assess the pre-test level of knowledge regarding cord blood bank among Diploma in general Nursing and Midwifery students.
To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding cord blood bank among Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery Students (post - test)
To compare the pre test and post test level of knowledge among Diploma in general Nursing and midwifery students.
To find out the association between the post test level of knowledge regarding cord blood bank with their selected demographic variables.
1.3 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION Effectiveness
It refers to the extend to which the structured teaching programme on cord blood bank as achieved the desired effect in improving the knowledge of Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery students as evidenced from a gain in knowledge score .
Structured Teaching Programme
It refers to systematically planned teaching strategy which is prepared and presented to improve knowledge of Diploma in general Nursing and Midwifery students contains 4 components such as
Umbilical cord blood banking
Collection and Storage
Preservation
Banking methods
Knowledge :It refers to correct response by the Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery students regarding cord blood banking which is measured by the structured questionnaire .
Cord blood bank : It refers to collection and preservation of cord blood for the treatment of many disorders that may occur in the future .
DGNM Nursing Students : In this study student refers to the nursing students studying in III year who are undergoing diploma in general nursing and midwife 3 year nursing program
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
HI: There will be significant difference between pre -test and post test level of knowledge scores of Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery students on cord blood bank .
H2: There will be significant association between post tests level of knowledge regarding cord blood bank with their selected demographic variables .
ASSUMPTIONS
The nursing students may have minimal knowledge regarding cord blood bank .
Structured teaching programme provides an opportunity for learning and better nderstanding regarding cord blood bank .
LIMITATION
The study data collection period is only for four weeks.
The study is limited to DGNM III year students.
1.9 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
According to ERNESTINE WIDENBERG Theory 1990 - A conceptual framework can be defined can be defined as a set of concept and assumptions that integrate them into a meaningful configuration (Polit and Beck 2010).
A conceptual framework facilities communication facilities communication and provides systematic approach to nursing research, educational status, administration and practice.
The conceptual framework selected for this project was Wiedenbach’s Helping Art Model for Clinical practices (1964). It consist of three factors central purpose , prescription, and realities of the situation.
CENTRAL PURPOSE
To check the effectiveness of structured teaching programme to DGNM III year students .
PRESCRIPTION
Preparation of structured teaching program using Power point, booklet .
REALITIES :
Agent : Researcher
Recipient : DGNM III Year students
Goal : Increase the knowledge of III year DGNM students Means : structured teaching programme
Framework : School of Nursing , Madras Medical College ,Chennai Step-1: Identifying the Need for Help
After identifying the need to improve the knowledge of the III Year DGNM students .
Step-2: Ministering the Needed Help Agent: Researcher
Recipient: DGNM-III Year students
Goal: Assessment of knowledge of III Year students . Means: Structured teaching programme
FRAMEWORK
School of Nursing , Madras Medical College, Chennai -03 Step-3: Validating that the Need for Help was Met
It is accomplished by means of post-test knowledge of DGNM students regarding umbilical cord blood banking.
Researcher formulates plan for meeting DGNM nursing students need for knowledge based on available resources
Researcher perception of DGNM-III Year students behavior consistent with the researchers plan
Central Purpose To check the effectiveness of STP to
DGNM
Prescription Preparation of structured teaching
program
Realities Agent: Researcher Recipient: DGNM-III
Year students Goal: Increase the knowledge of III year
students Means: Structured teaching program using
PPT
,BOOKLET Framework ;School
of Nursing Researcher suggest the DGNM students regarding plan of action
DGNM students accepts the suggestion
Identification Ministration Validation
Pretest – Assessment of
knowledge regarding umbilical cord
Administration of structured teaching program to DGNM nursing students
Post test – Assessmemt of
knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood banking
Fig.1.10: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK USING MODIFIED ERNESTINE WIDENBERG THEORY
Chapter – 2
Review of Literature
CHAPTER –II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Review of literature is an important step in the development of a research project. It involves systematic identification, location, scrutiny and summary of written materials that contain information on research problem.
This chapter attempts to present a broad review of the study conducted, the methodology adopted and conclusion drawn by earlier investigations. It helps to study the problem in depth.
Related research literature was review to broaden the understanding and to gain insight into the selected area under study.
This chapter dealt with the literature related to anxiety among nursing students and effectiveness of aerobic dance movement therapy.
This Section Consists Of Three Parts
Section-A: Reviews related to cord blood banking.
Section-B: Reviews related to cord blood banking among antenatal mothers.
Section-C: Reviews related to cord blood banking to the Nursing Professionals.
2.1.1 REVIEWS RELATED TO CORD BLOOD BANKING Claudio G.Brunstein, et al, (2018) conducted study on cord blood banking and transplants with its clinical trials network and 2 phase trials was been set for two individuals with leukemia and lymphoma .Reduced intensity conditioning was used with either unrelated double umbilical cord blood and HLA – haploidentical related donar bone marrow (haplo – marrow) transplantation. Cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, regimen was
used findings of the study was on day 56 neutrophil recovery was 94 % and 96 % of haplo –marrow transplantation .In 100 day GVHD was 40
% and 32 % of haplo –marrow transplantation and
the efficiency of the study was from 7 % to 45 % during first trials and non relapse mortality and relapse after umbilical cord blood transplantation were 24 % and 31 % respectively .
Catherine Edwin fransis et al, (2017) conducted as tailored teaching programme on knowledge regarding stem cells and cord blood banking to the antenatal mothers ,50 samples were selected ,data was collected and revealed the post test level of knowledge was improved
The results were discussed as none of them had inadequate knowledge score 28 % had moderate knowledge and 72 % had adequate scoring. The awareness of cord blood banking was given by using pamphlets and the flashcards .Tool used was structured teaching programme consist of 18 questions and simple random sampling was used.
B Antony Mason et al, (2015) conducted study on cord blood transplants and has reviewed with recent uses of allogenic transplantation using umbilical cord blood bank stored in the private banks and it was very clear that sample has not been collected from its siblings .A total of 244 patients from 73 centres were reported between 2000-2012 transplants were performed most commonly for acute leukemia (37%) sickle cell diseases ( 29 %) and faconi anaemia (7%) and inherited red cell , immune and metabolic disorders (18%) .The Eurocord registry has identified more than 500 patients transplanted with related cord blood and 29 were HLA matched. This study supp orts the cord blood banking with its ultimate use in the diseased patients.
Jayesh shath et al, (2012) conducted study on umbilical cord blood and its current status and promise for its future transplantation .The study findings was 13 cases of thalassaemia for umbilical cord blood transplantation in Apollo Hospitals and the cord blood was collected from life cell especially for 6 cases and in this 83 % of the transplants was from their own transplants , seven cases were collected and treated with unrelated unrelated umbilical cord blood procured from Relicord and stemcyte .
David Mckenna collected studies from Ahmedbad and supported umbilical cord blood banking even after of treating 2 thalassemia patients found failure of engraftment in 4 cases but dete cted their survival rate was elongated for 3 years and he noticed the failure of the study was due to low no of total nucleated cell and also recommended to increase the cord blood banking since these transplants are comparatively less mainly due to cost prohibition .
The Saucet M et al, (2015) reported on 102 children with acute leukemia receiving cord blood transplants 42 received a related donar transplant . Of these patients 12 received a related donar transplant 12 received a mismatched graft neutrophil engraftment was 84 % and 2 year event dose more than 3.7 ×10 /Kg correlated with engraftment . The 100 day – transplant related mortality was 0.4 % patients experienced grade 2 acute GVHD . One of this is with sickle cell disease and 7 with thalassemia.
2.1.2 REVIEWS RELATED TO CORD BLOOD BANKING AMONG ANTENATAL MOTHERS
Suen SS, Lao TTet al, (2012) conducted survey study on cord blood storage among pregnant women in antenatal clinics in Maternity units in Hong Kong .self structured questionnaire were admi nistered to 2000 sample and in 1866 93 .3 %completed and 78 .2 % had no
knowledge 20.3 % had knowledge due to availability of cord blood on Red cross since the need for the children due to haematological disorders .
Deekshapandey et al, (2016) conducted exploratory study on banking umbilical cord blood (stem cells) awareness ,attitude and expectations of potential donars started with 254 preganant women in kasthurba hospital in Manipal and survey based questionnaire was given and 26.5 % pregnant women had knowledge regarding cord blood bank .55.1 % were unable to decide to have cord blood banking and 18.4 % where not aware about private and public cord blood banking and out of this 57.7 % was primigravida mothers and 147.57 % in third trimester and 68% age group of 20- 30 years, 36.2 % had graduate level education, 51.1 % secondary education, 12.6 % primary education . It is found in the study that high dependence on level of education with the level of awareness P =0.001 .
Snighdha Bhattacharrjee et al, (2018) conducted quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding cord blood bank among antenatal care institutions and one group pretest and post test control group design using non –probability purposive sampling .Majority 44 % in control group 62 % in experimental group .pretest knowledge in experimental group is (86%) poor knowledge and (14%) adequate knowledge and in control group (74%) poor knowledge (26%) adequate knowledge .There is no significant difference in the pre test scores of knowledge . In self instructional module (post test) experimental group (62%) average, (38%) good and in control group (92%) were considered poor and (8%) were good and in comparison between pretest and post test pretest knowledge is less after giving structured teaching program it has been improved .There is no statistical significance association between pre interventional findings with pre test knowledge score with selected
demographic variables and there is no significant difference between post test scores of the antenatal mothers .
Lisa peberdy et al, (2018) conducted study on parents knowledge awareness and attitude of cord blood donation and banking options based on integrative review and CASP tool was used to assess the validity and quality of the students . The search identified with 25 papers which met inclusion criteria ,parents having positive attitude towards value of blood and its uses and the knowledge of cord blood banking considered as low and for few considered as mixed .
Poomalar G K et al, (2016) conducted cross sectional study in OPD Manakula Vinayagar Medical college and hospital Pondicherry, Self structured questionnaire was given with 2 sections 45 % had knowledge about uses of umbilical cord blood usage, 5% women knew about the cost of stem cell storage, less than 1 % knew about availability of public cord blood banking .After informing about availability of public cord blood banking 72% of pregnant women willing to donate to public bank. Socio demographic variables such as age, educational status, income, family history, influence on knowledge regarding cord blood banking ,previous factors had significant association with the pre interventions .
Sibel oztuck et al, (2017) conducted study on knowledge and attitude of cord blood and banking and found with the results from total 322 samples by self administered questionnaire .29.8 % know about cord blood banking and 75.4% did not know anything about cord blood banking and 21 .1 % learned about cord blood banking through internet . Jawdat D Stem cells et al, (2018) conducted study on the last decade cord blood has proven to be a valuable source of haematological disorders and study was to estimate the level of public awareness of cord blood banking in Saudi Arabia, self administered questionnaire of
22 MCQ was given to 1146 participants and the overall knowledge was inadequate 66 % only half of the subjects 52 % knew the source of stem cells, 12 questions were asked in terms to know source, collection, storage and usage .
Katz G et al, (2015) has conducted study regarding pregnant women’s awareness of cord blood stem cells and their attitude regarding banking options in France, 1620 samples were selected and 79% of pregnant women had little awareness. 58% of women heard of therapeutic benefits of cord blood, 21 % received information from midwives and obstetricians. 89 % of the respondents opt to store cord blood units. 76% choosen to donate in public bank 12% chosen mixed bank 12% private bank.
2.1.3 REVIEWS RELATED TO CORD BLOOD BANKING TO THE NURSING PROFESSIONALS
Louiza Z karagiorgou et al, (2014) conducted study on knowledge about umbilical cord blood banking among Greek citizens in faculty of health and caring professionals at technological an d educational institute of Athens. survey based study with 13 items questionnaire and 1019 completed the questionnaire .48 % knew about umbilical cord blood banking; from media 25 % knowledge was given and through doctors 25 % was provided, 85% had inadequ ate knowledge. 6% of respondents were in favour of umbilical cord blood transplantation 84% had the future decisions for transplantation .
Manal Farouk Moustafa et al, (2015) conducted study on Umbilical Cord Blood(UCB) used as a source of hematopietic stem cells for bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Knowledge of the nurses is vital to success the science of Umbilical Cord Blood Banking. Researchers sought to assess nurses' knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood banking and
identifying the barriers of it to be applied as their support is crusial to the success of development and functioning of cord blood banks in Women's Health Hospital, Assiut University Hospitals, Egypt.
Descriptive study design was utilized in this study. All nurses who work in Obstetrics and Gynecological department, Women's Health Hospital, Assiut University, Egypt, were included in the study between October 2014 and January 2015. Data were collected in interviews by using an interview form developed by the researchers according to the literature.
All nurses were 150. Nurses' Knowledge about UCBB are lacking , inadequate knowledge represented 79.7% and they identified from their point of view that the costs of the umbilical cord blood ba nks, policies and procedures are barriers of conducting such new technology in their hospitals.
UjalaJoshi et al, (2017) conducted pre-experimental one group pre test post test only design . Convenience sampling technique was used to select 60 nurses working in maternity units. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used collect data on knowledge of umbilical cord stem cell collection, preservation and utilization. Result of study showed that more than half (53.3%) of nurses were in age group of 21-25 years and all (100%) of the nurses were females. Most of the nurses had done General Nursing Midwifery (91.7%). According to clinical experiences it was revealed that (31.7%) had more than 8 years experience in context of previous experiences; nurses (47.7%) ha d maternity ward and (40%) had labour ward and remain (18.3%) had operation theatre experience. Most of the nurses (61.7%) had mass media exposure from magazines and newspapers.
Kavitha et al, (2015) conducted study on effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding cord blood stem cell therapy in Antenatal Mothers . pretest (100%) had inadequate knowledge whereas in the post test imparting structured teaching
program majority (76.67%) had adequate knowledge regarding cord blood stem cell therapy among antenatal mothers. Pre test mean score knowledge is 11.50 with standard deviation is 2.70 and post test score is 33.06 with standard deviation of 3.93 and statistically significant improvement in the post test level of knowledge regarding cord blood stem cell therapy .
Hend S.Mohammed et al (2015) has conducted study on Cord blood collection and stem cell research was to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on maternity nurses’ knowledge and attitude regarding cord blood collection and stem cells. Quasi- experimental design (pre and post intervention) was utilized. A total sample of 53 staff nurses were recruited in the study. The study was conducted at two settings; labour unit in obstetrics department at Benha University Hospital and Maternity Hospital at Zagazig University Hospital. A structured interviewing questionnaire, and nurses’ attitude toward cord blood collection and stem cells. Results: The results revealed that 88.7%
of nurses had poor knowledge before intervention. However, 90.6% and 81.2% of them had good knowledge immediately and after three months of intervention respectively. As well as, only 1.9% of the studied nurses had positive attitude toward cord blood collection and stem cells before intervention. Meanwhile, immediately and after three months of intervention the positive attitude changed to 66.0% and 69.8%
respectively. The implementation of an educational intervention was effective and significantly improved nurses’ knowledge and attitude towards cord blood collection and stem cells. The study recommended that adequately planned in- service training programs related to cord blood collection and stem cells must established to develop nurses’
knowledge, attitude, and practices in order to fit newly develop ed concepts in care.
Thomas timi et al, (2017) conducted study on assessing the knowledge regarding cord blood banking among nurse educators ,staffnurses and nursing students. The study findings showed that, Majority of subjects (84%) were in the age grou p of 21–30. It is observed that (96%) of the participants were females. As the p value for the variable such as age, Gender, educational qualification, work experience, 0.05 level of significance using Likelihood ratio and it is interpreted that there is significant association between the knowledge regarding cord blood banking among nurse educators, staff nurses and the nursing students with selected demographic variables. The likelihood calculated value of age with regard to knowledge regarding cord bloo d banking is 0.004. Whereas, the calculated likelihood ratio with gender is
<0.033. The likelihood ratio with educational qualification is <0.001.
Mean while the calculated likelihood ratio with work experience is
<0.001. The calculated likelihood ratio with information regarding blood banking is <0.002. Hence, there is significant association between age, gender, educational qualification and work experience.
Neha patyal et al, (2018) conducted study on to assess the knowledge and attitude of nurses regarding stem cell and umbilical cord blood banking as selected hospital of Ambala, Haryana, India..
The Research approach adopted for the study was quantitative research approach and it was carried out on the 170 nurses. A structured knowledge questionnaire and attitude scale (5 point Likert scale) was used to collect the data. The result of the study depicts that more than half (58%) of the nurses were in the age group of 20 -25 years, majority of nurses (82%) were having qualification in G.N.M, wi th majority of nurses (89%) were in 1-5 years of experience, More than half of nurses (52%) having no additional information about umbilical cord blood banking required, more than half of the nurses (51%) not heard about umbilical cord blood banking, majority of the nurses(94%) having no
training courses about umbilical cord blood sampling and stem cell sampling, forty three percent (43%) of nurses had average knowledge, followed by (28%) of nurses had good knowledge, (19%) of nurses had very good knowledge and only (10%)of nurses had excellent knowledge regarding stem cell umbilical cord blood banking, fifty one percent (51%) of nurses had moderate favorable attitude regarding stem blood banking attitude scores as evident by ‘r’ value of 0.15.
Ambivenugopal et al, (2016) conducted cross sectional survey to assess the knowledge and attitude of 56 nurses who were working in labour ward and maternity ward and from the study it is concluded that 42.86% had good knowledge 78.6% had neutral attitude and none of t he nurses had any pre –service and 17 nurses witnessed umbilical cord blood bank in labour ward .Majority 62.5%of the nurses heard about umbilical cord blood bank so from this study it is very clear that nurses had good knowledge and neutral attitude regarding stem cells and umbilical cord blood bank and they need to have more information.
CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTISE OFPEADIATRIC PROVIDERS IN UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD BANKING
Amy E Armstrong et al, (2017) conducted more than than 35,000 umbilical cord banking (transplants ) have been performed world wide prompting the development of private and public banks to collect and store UCB cells , 26 questions using electronic survey to general and sub speciality paediatric providers . we assessed the baseline knowled ge and conversation about umbilical cord banking . A total of 473 providers completed the survey only of 25 % of the physicians ever discussed UCB with expected patients . Malignant 73% and non -malignant 61% . overall paediatric providers rarely speak to families about UCBB and we believe that they can be better informed to its current clinical teaching.
KNOWLEDGE REGARDING UMBILICAL CORD TO NURSING STUDENTS
Ms aksha peter et al, (2017) conducted study to compare the knowledge level of student nurses regarding cord blood banking in selected nursing colleges and to associate the knowledge score with selected demographic variables. quantitative research –non experimental description research design -100 samples from IVth year BSc Nursing of selected nursing colleges , The study findings showed that 76 % of student nurses having moderate knowledge ,23% of student nurses having poor knowledge .There was no significant association were found between the knowledge score and selected demographic variables.
HendM Assay et al, (2016) conducted study on effect of educational intervention on knowledge and attitude of nursing students regarding stem cell therapy A quasi experimental design with pre and post test utilizing a convenience sample of 53 students was used to collect data using the knowledge and attitude of stem cell therapy questionnaire. Results showed poor knowledge about stem cells therapy in the pre test with a remarkable improvement and statistical significance in the post test. Although, student’s knowledge in the pre test was poor, they showed a positive attitude toward stem cells therapy in the pre test and post test. The study concluded that the educational intervention was effective in improving future nurse’s knowledge and attitude regarding stem cells therapy. Further educational programs that utilize religious, cultural, and social factors are crucial.
Including such critical topics in nursing curriculum is also required.
Narima Mohamed E L Sayed Ahmed shaban et al, (2016) conducted study on effect of educational intervention on Nursing students performance regarding umbilical cord blood collection for stem cells as quasi experimental study in faculty of Nursing ,zagazig university total number of samples was 100 UG Students IV year ,self
