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Overview

Overview – – ICT4SED ICT4SED

UdayUday DesaiDesai

Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering

www.ee.iitb.ac.in/~ubdesai www.ee.iitb.ac.in/~ubdesai

ubdesai@ee.iitb.ac.in ubdesai@ee.iitb.ac.in

(2)

ICT as a Socio-Political-Techno System

ICT for

Development

Technology

Industry /

Local Entrep.

Govt. / Policy

Community Organization Financial

Institutions

(3)

Use of ICT for Bridging Digital

Use of ICT for Bridging Digital - - X X

„„ Education DivideEducation Divide

„„ Health DivideHealth Divide

„„ Income DivideIncome Divide

„„ Opportunity DivideOpportunity Divide

„„ Improve quality of lifeImprove quality of life

„„ Many in the upper strata of the society have Many in the upper strata of the society have benefited from ICT

benefited from ICT

„„ The question today is: How can we take this benefit The question today is: How can we take this benefit to a much larger section of the society; rural areas to a much larger section of the society; rural areas and small towns

and small towns

„„ PURA: Providing Urban Amenities to Rural Areas PURA: Providing Urban Amenities to Rural Areas ((www.presidentofindia.nic.inwww.presidentofindia.nic.in))

(4)

Some Illustrative Examples

Some Illustrative Examples

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Village in Madurai

• Lady’s finger was turning yellow

• Web-cam image was sent to Madurai Agriculture college

• They diagnosed it as “yellow mosaic disease” and suggested a remedy

• The farmer was able to save nearly one lakkh

Before

After

ICT support for Agriculture (TeNeT -IITM)

(6)

• Goat had a wound near its mouth

• Could not eat

• A web-cam picture sent to the vet college in Madurai

• The suggestions from the vet cured the goat in

two days

ICT for Veterinary Support (TeNeT-IITM)

(7)

Rural ATM Rural ATM

• Urban ATMs cost Rs.8 lakhs

• Develop a rural ATM for Rs. 40k

• Will generate cash flow in rural areas at market defined interest rates

(8)

aAQUA Q&A forum (IIT-Bombay)

Farmers can access Agri- extension services.

They can ask questions in their own language and get information more relevant to the local context.

web-based archived searchable multilingual

(9)

Bhav Puchiye – What is the Price? (IITB)

(10)

Keylekh: Devanagiri Key Board (IITB)

Devices for enabling easy input in Indian languages.

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

(11)

Proposed Models for

Proposed Models for on the field on the field assessment assessment of of microcredit microcredit risk risk

Model 1:

• Field Operator uses SMS enabled GSM phone

• Risk assessment is carried out on a central server

• SMS are used as a communication medium

Model 2:

• Field Operator uses GPRS/3G enabled Smart Phone

• Risk assessment is carried out on the phone itself

• SMS are used as a communication medium

(12)

Visual Acuity Test (HP-IITM R & D Labs)

(13)

Voice Based Interfaces

Voice Based Interfaces

(14)

Partial List of Some ICT4D projects in India Partial List of Some ICT4D projects in India

„„ eSeva, Integrated Citizen eSeva, Integrated Citizen Services, Andhra Pradesh Services, Andhra Pradesh

„„ LokLok MitraMitra and Jan Mitraand Jan Mitra Projects from Rajasthan Projects from Rajasthan

„„ e-e- BillPostBillPost and eand e-- Post Services Post Services of the Department of Posts

of the Department of Posts

„„ RASI (Rural Access to Services RASI (Rural Access to Services through the Internet) earlier through the Internet) earlier

called SARI and n

called SARI and n-- Logue Logue Communications

Communications

„

„ GyandootGyandoot

„

„ Community Information Community Information Centres

Centres (CIC) Project (Dept. (CIC) Project (Dept.

of Info Tech.,

of Info Tech., Govt.ofGovt.of India)India)

„„ BhoomiBhoomi

„„ DrishteeDrishtee dot. com Ltd. dot. com Ltd.

„„ ITC ITC eChoupaleChoupal

„„ KuppamKuppam i-i- community, Andhra community, Andhra Pradesh

Pradesh

„„ AkshayaAkshaya-- KeralaKerala Govt'sGovt's

Hundred Percent ICT Literacy Hundred Percent ICT Literacy

Project Project

„„ Information Village Research Information Village Research Project

Project-- IVRP by MSSRF IVRP by MSSRF

„„ SwayamSwayam KrishiKrishi SangamSangam (SKS) (SKS)

„„ TARAhaatTARAhaat

„„ GRAMDOOTGRAMDOOT

„„ M. S. SwaminathanM. S. Swaminathan FoundationFoundation

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Partial List of Some ICT4D projects in India Partial List of Some ICT4D projects in India ……

„„ ICT for Women’ICT for Women’s s Empowerment Empowerment

„„ Community Radio-Community Radio- DeccanDeccan Development Society

Development Society

„„ Community Radio-Community Radio- KutchKutch Mahila

Mahila VikasVikas SangathanSangathan (KMVS):

(KMVS):

„

„ SisuSisu SamrakshakSamrakshak ICTICT--

enabled Child health care enabled Child health care by UNICEF

by UNICEF

„„ Change Initiatives-Change Initiatives- Nabanna

Nabanna-- Empowering Empowering women 94

women 94

„„ SEWASEWA

(16)

Research Areas in ICT4D Research Areas in ICT4D

with focus on Small Town and Rural India

with focus on Small Town and Rural India

(17)

Networking and Networking and

Information Management Information Management

„„ What is the best, network architecture for What is the best, network architecture for delivering voice, video and data

delivering voice, video and data

„„ Wireless, fiber or copper or combination?Wireless, fiber or copper or combination?

„„ Intermittent or always on connectivity?Intermittent or always on connectivity?

„„ Mobile or stationary?Mobile or stationary?

„„ Mesh Networks?Mesh Networks?

„„ Information management systemsInformation management systems

„„ What kind of informationWhat kind of information

„„ Fast access to information at low cost and over low Fast access to information at low cost and over low bandwidth connectivity

bandwidth connectivity

(18)

User Interfaces User Interfaces

„„

Universal User Interface for multiple Universal User Interface for multiple languages and low literacy levels

languages and low literacy levels

„„ SpeechSpeech

„„ Iconic user interfacesIconic user interfaces

„„ TaskTask--specific interfacesspecific interfaces

„„ Universality possible?Universality possible?

(19)

Affordable Devices Affordable Devices

„„ Affordability of device and network Affordability of device and network connectivity extremely critical for ICT connectivity extremely critical for ICT penetration

penetration

„„ Are PCs, Hand-Are PCs, Hand-heldshelds the only kind of the only kind of affordable devices?

affordable devices?

„„ OLPC (One Laptop per Child)?OLPC (One Laptop per Child)?

(20)

Health Care and Education Health Care and Education

„„

Health Care Health Care

„„ ICT for affordable health care in rural areas ICT for affordable health care in rural areas and small towns

and small towns

„„

Education Education

„„ Training (CADTraining (CAD--CAM etc.)CAM etc.)

„„ LearningLearning

„„

Host of projects at Host of projects at KReSIT KReSIT in e in e - - education education

(21)

Power Power

„„

Affordable and Reliable Power Affordable and Reliable Power

„„ Solar PowerSolar Power

„„ Locally generated power with local distribution Locally generated power with local distribution as opposed to centralized distribution system as opposed to centralized distribution system

„„ Low power electronicsLow power electronics

(22)

Microfinance and e

Microfinance and e - - Commerce Commerce

„„

Microfinance Microfinance

„„ Micro CreditMicro Credit

„„ Micro TransactionsMicro Transactions

„„ Micro PaymentMicro Payment

„„ What kind of models will be applicableWhat kind of models will be applicable

„„

e e - - Commerce Commerce

„„

How to exploit the ubiquitous cellular How to exploit the ubiquitous cellular technology for microfinance?

technology for microfinance?

(23)

„„

e e - - Governance Governance

„„ e.g. e.g. BhoomiBhoomi Project Project –– digitization of land digitization of land records

records

„„

e e - - Banking Banking

„„ Already available for urbanites with Already available for urbanites with reasonable incomes

reasonable incomes

„„ How can this be extended to low income How can this be extended to low income groups and rural areas

groups and rural areas –– rural ATM is step rural ATM is step towards this

towards this

(24)

Business Models Business Models

„„

New Business Models New Business Models

„„ for sustainable use of ICT in rural and small for sustainable use of ICT in rural and small town India, as well as urban India

town India, as well as urban India

„„ e.g. we have the lowest cell phone tariff in e.g. we have the lowest cell phone tariff in the world

the world –– 2 cents per minute, based not on 2 cents per minute, based not on technology but clever business models which technology but clever business models which has very low OPEX

has very low OPEX

„„ GrameenGrameen Phone in BangladeshPhone in Bangladesh

„„ nn--LogueLogue

„„ ee--choupalchoupal (ITC)(ITC)

(25)

Outsourcing to Rural Areas from Urban Areas

(26)

Services Services

„„

Services Services

„„ Which are the services that will be of interest Which are the services that will be of interest to rural population

to rural population

„„ Price of crops?Price of crops?

„„ Price of produce?Price of produce?

„„ ??????

„„

Boils down to developing right Boils down to developing right content. content.

(27)

Entertainment Entertainment

„„

Affordable Entertainment thru ICT Affordable Entertainment thru ICT

„„ e.g. showing e.g. showing VCDsVCDs is very common in rural kiosksis very common in rural kiosks

„„ Financially lucrativeFinancially lucrative

„„ Issues of providing quality entertainment on Issues of providing quality entertainment on low bandwidth network

low bandwidth network

(28)

„„

Questions Questions

„„

Comments Comments

„„

Thoughts Thoughts

„„

… …

References

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