THE DEVELOPMENT TEAM
Principal Investigator Prof. S. P. Bansal
Vice Chancellor, Indira Gandhi University, Rewari
Co-Principal Investigator Dr. Prashant K. Gautam
Director, UIHTM, Panjab University, Chandigarh
Paper Coordinator Prof. Manoj Dixit
Vice Chancellor, R.M.L. University, Faizabad, UP
Content Writer Dr. Shyju P.J.
Asstt. Prof-Tourism Management, Department of History of Art, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. 221005
Content Reviewer Prof. S. P. Bansal
Vice Chancellor, Indira Gandhi University, Rewari Paper 10: Tourism Products of India
Module 28: Tourism Product Regional: South India-I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Learning Outcome
2. Introduction about the region
2.1 Tourism Products of South India-high lights 3. Andhra Pradesh
4. Telangana 5. Karnataka
ITEMS DESCRIPTION OF MODULE Subject Name Tourism and Hotel Management Paper Name Tourism Products of India
Module Title Tourism Product Regional: South India I
Module Id 28
Pre- Requisites Elementary knowledge of History, Geography, Religion and Culture
Objectives i) to give basic knowledge of variety of tourist centers in South India
ii) highlight the most important tourist centers and their importance
Keywords Tourism products, tourist sites, attractions, events, cuisine, souvenirs
QUADRANT-I 1. Learning outcome
States situated in the southern part of our country (Deccan Plateau and further south) represent distinct geographical and cultural features. Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu and the Union Territory-Puducherry are included in the regional classification of South India. Looking from Northern part of the Country, the southern peninsula appears like a triangle, with Arabian Sea in the West and Bay of Bengal in the East. This module aims to give an outline on the popular tourism products of Sothern India, alongwith a detailed study on tourism features of state wise. This will enable the students to get a comprehensive idea on the selling propositions of states, and the uniqueness. At the end of the course, popular tourist circuits have been listed which will help the students to learn tour itineraries.
2. Introduction about the Region
Product is a marketing term used in connection with offering a tangible object or a service or benefits. Tourism product generally means those things which are offered to tourists in the form of service, benefits, or experience of fun, excitement, thrill etc. We can say that tourism facilitates people to get experiences and return with memories.
Southern India presents a vibrant touristscape. Arabian Sea marks the boundary of the west, further bounded by Western Ghats, then Deccan Plateau, semi arid landscape of Andhra Pradesh (Anantpur, Cuddapah districts) to the Eastern Coast and major rice cultivating field of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. A margin of Eastern Ghats extends up to Odisha which is aligned towards the Bay of Bengal Coast. The following table illustrates the geographical features of the region which are the basic resource.
Malabar Coast The coast extends up to Kanyakumari. Major port cities of this coast connected Romans, Arabians, Chinese, Europeans etc.
Western Ghats A chain of hills creates a natural boundary to the entire western part. These hills bring abundant rains during monsoon season. The ghat section is known for its biodiversity features, which can be rarely found in other part of the world. Agastya Hills, Nilgiris, Brahmagiri Hills, Coorg Hills etc. form the bio hotspot networks with numerous streams and breath taking valleys.
The Plateau The central part of Southern India (part of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh) is a rain shadow region. Semiarid landscape features and the low fertility of soil don’t support much agricultural activities. Major irrigation projects support the drinking water and agriculture requirements.
The plains of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh
This area can be called as the rice bowl of India. A variety of food crops and cash crops are cultivated in this region.
The eastern ghats. Rising from the Palaghat range, the eastern ghats extend up to Odihsa. The hills appears like a dotted chain across the region which also represents a unique geographical feature. Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Pennar etc. drains in to the Bay of Bengal
The Coromandel Coast
The eastern coast of India is features with storms and cyclones. The
In terms of cultural features, linguistic features of the regions are different, festivities have some similarities but diversity exists in many areas. Andhra Pradesh and Telangana have some common linguistic and cultural features, and so with the state of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The local cultural features also emerge as interesting tourist attractions of the region.
2.1 Tourism Products of South India- highlights.
Looking at the tourism product offering, the state governments aggressively promote natural attractions such as beaches, hill stations, backwaters, and religious places such as
temples, shrines, pilgrimages, religious observations and gatherings like Godavari Pushkaram, Krishna Pushkaram wild life sanctuaries, cultural features, historical attractions, indigenous life style, regional agricultural products etc.
The description of tourism products of South India is designed as follows
Tourism Products
Natural Ethnic Local products
Religious events
Wildlife Traditional National/International Seasonal/occasional events
Popular GI Tagged, commercially
Heritage promoted Spiritual
Seasonal
Adventure/Unexplored
3.0 ANDHRA PRADESH (Tourism marketing tagline: Everything Possible)
Andhra Pradesh is blessed with natural beauty and a long coastline of 974 km. The state consists of two regions i.e. Rayalseema and Coastal Andhra. River Godavari and Krishna are the major rivers. The state has one of the most important Hindu shrines in India ‘Sri Venkateswara Temple at Tirupati’. Several places in Andhra Pradesh has a strong Buddhist connection, as ruins of stupas and viharas are excavated from different places.
According to legends, Nagarjuna, one of the most important Buddhist Philosopher lived in Amravati. It was also the capital of Satavahana Dynasty. The proposed new capital of the state ‘Amravati’ is expected to be a smart modern city but planned in the lines of
Attractions Cuisines Shopping Fairs &
Festivals
retaining its heritage aspects. The state has immense tourism potential which ranges from natural beauty, heritage, rural tourism, religious tourism etc. Reports indicate that tourist arrival has increased up to 30% in 2015 over the year 2014.
Andhra Pradesh Map (Source: Wikipedia)
3.1.1 Popular attractions
Tirupati: Sri Venkateshwara Temple in Tirupati is one of the most renowned and visited religious shrines in India. This temple is dedicated to Lord Venkateshwara, (Lord Vishnu) situated in Tirumala Hills, which has seven peaks representing the heads of Adishesha. It is considered as highly auspicious to get darshan of the deity at this temple and devotees from various parts of India and abroad stand in queue for long hours.
Vishakapatnam: This city is popularly called a Vizag. This port city is an important commercial centre for the state and the country. Rushikonda beach, Ramakrishna Beach and Bheemunipatnam Beach are very popular among tourists as it provide beautiful scenic view of Bay of Bengal.
Araku Valley: Araku Valley is one of the spectacular hill station in Andhra Pradesh. It is 114 k.m. away from Vishakhapatnam. This hill station is connected with trains and the train journey itself is a memorable experience to visitors.
Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Wildlife Sanctuary: It is the largest tiger reserve in India spread over five districts of Andhra Pradesh. The gorges, valleys and the hills located along the course of River Krishna offers a breath taking view.
3.1.2 Natural Attractions
Konaseema: It is one of the beautiful scenic spots in Andhra Pradesh. From Rajahmundry River Godavari splits in to several branches and the delta area created by Godavari before merging to Bay of Bengal is called as Konaseema Region. The lush green paddy fields, forests, mangroves etc. creates a very attractive view for the visitors.
Horsley Hills: it is one of the popular hill resort of Andhra Pradesh, situated at an altitude of 1265m above sea level. This place can be easily reached from Bangalore (144 k.m.) and Tirupati, (127 km.).
Talakona Waterfall: It is the highest waterfall in Andhra Pradesh. It is situated in Sri Venkateshwara National Park. The dense forest, wildlife and serene environment is one of the main attraction of this fall. It is 49 k.m from Tirupati and 220 km. from Chennai.
There are a number of trek routes giving opportunity to the adventurers to explore the scenic beauty.
Borra Caves: Located at Anantagiri Hills of Araku Valley, near to Vishakpatnam, Borra caves is an important tourist attraction. This natural cave system is formed by Karstic Limestone structures.
Belum Caves: The largest and longest cave system in India formed of stalactite and stalagmite. It is situated at Karnool district of Andhra Pradesh.
3.1.3 Wildlife
Pulicat Lake: This is a brackish water lakes homes for large number of migratory birds including flamingos. This lake is a backwater system, lying close to Bay of Bengal. This lake is also a good location for naturalists and ornithologists as a variety of birds including Grey Pelican, Painted Stork, Spoon Bills, Grey Heron, Ducks, Teals, Terns, Herons, Gull and a number of waders can be found here.
Kolleru Lake: It is a fresh water lake and a Ramsar Site. The eco system attracts large number of migratory birds during winter season. It is located 60 km away from Vijayawada.
3.1.4 Heritage Attractions
Chandragiri Fort is situated in Chandragiri, which was once the capital of Vijayanagara rulers. It dates back to 1000 AD. The fort resembles the ancient architectural features of this region, and stand as one of the important monument of heritage. Visitors can also attend Light and Sound show which details the history of Vijayanagaram.
Sankaram: It is situated near Vishakapatnam (approx. 40 km), was once flourished as the centre of Buddhism. All three types of Buddhism (Hinayan, Mahayan, Vajrayan) were practiced. Excavations conducted by a British officer discovered monolithic votive stupas, rock cut caves and brick build structural edifices.
Gooty Fort: One of the oldest hill forts of Andhra Pradesh. It was built by emperors of Vijayanagara Kingdom. It is situated 52 km from Anantapur town.
3.1.5 Spiritual/Religious Attractions
Simhachalam Temple: Situated 16 km away from Vizag, this temple is a fine example of temple architecture of India. Having intricate carvings, Natya mandapa and Kalayana
mandapa, this temple is believed to be built by Narasimha Deva, the eastern Ganga Kings of Odisha.
Kanaka Durga Temple: The presiding deity of the temple is Sri Kanaka Durga, it is located on the top of Indrakiladri hills in Vijayavada, it attracts thousands of devotees during the Navratra/Dusshera festival.
Kanipakam Temple: The presiding deity is Lord Ganesh. The temple is believed to be constructed by Chola Kings during 11th Century AD, but completed by Vijayanagaram Kings.
Lepakshi Temple: It is one of the most important temple, situated in Anantpur district.
The temple is an architectural marvel in stone, built in 1530 AD. It has a 100 pillared dance hall, a granite sculpture of Veerbhadra, Nandi, carvings of Naga, flying Gandharvas and Ganesh etc. The nearest Hindupur and 110 km from Anantpur.
Images from Lepakshi, (Source: Google)
Sri Sailam Temple: Known as Mallikarjuna Swamy Temple, it is one of the 12 Jyotirlinga temples. It is believed that Lord Shiva appeared with Goddess Parvati and blesses Vrishabha, the sacred bull of Shiva. Nearest city is Hyderabad and the rail head is Nandyal.
Prashanti Nilayam: Situated in Puttaparti, it is one of the spiritual centre of South India.
Sri Satya Sai Baba, Spiritual leader and philanthropist established Prashanti Nilayam at Puttaparti to serve the poor and deserving people, while upholding the spiritual tradition of India.
3.1.6 Unexplored attractions
Undavalli Caves: Located 22 km from Guntur district rock cut caves built in 4th and fifth century.
Gandikota Canyon: 300 feet deep gorge located on the righ bank of River Pennar is in Kadappa district of Andhra Pradesh.
Papikondalu: River Godavari and the surrounding hills provide a spectacular picturesque view to the visitors.
Amravati: A prominent site of Buddhist importance.
Hope Island: Naturally formed island off the coast of Kakinada.
3.2 Seasonal/Occasional events
Godavari Pushkaram: It is one of the biggest gathering the identified places along river Godavari once in twelve years. Last Godavari Pushakaram was held in the year 2015 during July/August. The first 12 days (Adi Pushkaram) of the Pushkaram is treated as most sacred. According to estimates approximately 48.1 million pilgrims attended the pushkaram. Pushkaram that happens in 144 years is called as Mahapushkaram. Next Mahapushkaram will be held in the year 2159.
Krishna Pushkaram: It is observed along the river banks of Krishna once in 12 years. It is celebrated during at the time Jupiter enters in to Virgo (Kanya Rasi).
3.3 Shopping/Souvenirs
Andhra Pradesh is also having a number of options for shopping. Silk, Cotton fabrics, toys, brass ware, musical instrument-Veena etc. can be found at different places in this state. The following table indicates the popular souvenir items available in the state.
Shopping/
Souvenir options
Design/Material name and District
Description
Toys Kondapiili, Krishna District GI tagged product.
Veena Bobbili, Vizianagaram
District
Musical instrument, GI tagged.
Brass ware Budithi, Srikakulam District GI tagged handicraft item.
Sarees Kalamkari,
Machilipatnam, Krishna District
Block printed cotton textile.
Mangalgiri, Guntur Intricate designs woven in cotton.
Uppada, East Godavari GI tagged silk saree, hand woven products.
Venkatagiri, Nellore GI tagged, hand made saree.
Ponduru, Srikakulam Handmade khadi product.
Dharmavaram Sarees Hand woven silk saree.
3.4. Food
Andhra Pradesh is also best known destination for the food options. There are mouth- watering dishes available at Andhra Pradesh which suits to the requirements of both vegetarian and non-vegetarian customers. Andhra Meals is a very popular food (lunch/dinner) which we can find from ‘Andhra Mess’ in the state. Some of the popular
dishes are Pulihora, Chepa Pulusu, Gongura pickle, Gutti Venkaya Koora, Punuglu, Andhra Chicken Biryanai. During festivals and special occasions, traditional and ethnic cuisines are being prepared.
3.5 Festivals
Ugadi is a major festival celebrated in Andhra Pradesh. It indicates the Telugu New Year.
Special dishes (Bobbattu/Pooran poli, Ugadi Chatni are prepared and served among the family members after pujas). Other major festivals include Makar Sankranti/Pongal, Dussehra, Ganesh Chaturthi, Ram Navami Eid, Muharrum, Christmas, Easter etc.
3.6 Dance forms and Folk Arts
Kuchipudi is a classical dance form originated in Andhra Pradesh. Raja and Radha Reddy, Kaushalya Reddy, Yamini Reddy etc. are the famous dancers of Kuchipudi.
The folk art forms include Andhra Natyam, Veera Natyam, Dappu, Burrakatha, Tholu Bommalatta, Butta Bommalu etc.
4.0 TELANGANA (Tourism tagline: Visit for all seasons and all reasons)
Map of Telangana (Source: Google)
Telangana is the youngest state of India formed from Andhra Pradesh in the year 2014.
The state was part of Nizam’s administrative region. Hyderabad is the administrative capital of Telangana. It experienced its golden age during Kakatiya Dynasty who ruled from Warangal. Rudrama Devi and Pratap Rudra were two important rulers of this dynasty ruled Warangal. The area came under Delhi Sultanate and Bahmini Sultan’s later. Quli Qutub Mulk established Qutub Shahi dynasty in 1518. Hyderabad became the capital of Nizam in 1769. It was annexed to Union of India in 1948.
4.1.1 Popular attractions
Hyderabad: Hyderabad is a modern city with a number of tourist attractions. Charminar is the iconic land mark of the city. Apart from Charminar, a number of other attractions such as Golkonda Fort, Mecca Masjid, Hussain Sagar Lake, Tankbund Road, Durgam Cherivu, Ramoji Film city, Birla Temple etc. attract large number of tourists to Hyderabad. The city is also popular for food, shopping and multiple cultural features.
Warangal: Warangal was the capital of the Kakatiya Kings. Warangal Fort and The thousand pillar temple attract lot of tourists to this city.
Basara Gnana Saraswati Temple: Very popular among the people, Basara Gnana Saraswati Temple is situated on the banks of River Godavari, approximately 202 km from Hyderabad. During the Mahashivrathri, Navarathri/Vijaya Dashami pilgrims throng to this place with their children to ceremoniously commence the learning/schooling.
Nagarjunasagar Dam: It is one of the popular sites of Telengana. Constructed on River Krishna, this dam site and surrounding attract lot of tourists. The monolithic votive stupas, remains of Buddhist monasteries are discovered during the excavations.
4.1.2 Natural attractions
Kuntalla Waterfall : It is located in Adilabad District, (261 km. away from Hyderabad), which is a very interesting picnic spot. The waterfall is situated in Kadem River the deep forest and the way to reach the waterfall area is an exciting experience. During the monsoon season, the waterfall gets its full strength and the roaring sound of water falling can be even heard from kilometres away
Durgam Cherivu: Also called as the secret lake, it is located on the outskirts of Hyderabad. The lake is surrounded by hills and thick vegetation, which was noticed before few years. The lake and the hill tract gives a beautiful recreation experience to the visitors.
Pakhal Lake : Situated 50 km away from Warangal city, it offers breath-taking view to the visitors. The lake is believed to be constructed by the Kakatiya Kings in13 century AD
Alisagar: It is another beautiful lake situated in Nizamabad district. There is a small island in the lake. The surrounding forest area and the scenic view from the top of the nearby hills attract lot of tourists, especially visitors from Maharashtra and Hyderabad. It is approximately 15 k.m. away from Nizamabad town.
Ananthagiri Hills: This picturesque attraction is situated in Ranga Reddy district of Telangana. Musi river originates here and the forest area is the water source for Osman Sagar and Himayat Sagar Lake.
4.1.3 Heritage Attractions
Charminar, Hyderabad: Charminar is constructed during the period of Sultan Muhammad of Quli Qutub Shahi Dynasty in the year 1591 AD. There are four minars on the corners of the monument which itself is one of the main attractions. Arches, minaret and domes and the inscriptions reflect the Indo-Islamic architectural style. Char Minar represents the old city area, which also is a busy place of shopping. Bangles, pearls, and jewellery market attracts lot of tourists to this place.
Charminar Night View (Source: Google)
Golkonda Fort, Hyderabad: Golkonda Fort is another landmark of not only Hyderabad, but also India. The world renowned Kohinoor Diamond once decorated the thrones of the rulers of Hyderabad. It is believed that the present Fort was once a Hill Fort which was constructed during the period of the Rajas of Warangal. The Bahamini Sultans strengthened the fort and used as the capital of their kingdom.
Qutub Shahi Tombs: These are the tombs of the departed kings of Quli Qutub Shahi Kings. These tombs are constructed on a raised platform using Indo Persian architectural style amidst beautiful garden.
Thousand Pillar Temple, Warangal: it is one of the most important part of the Warangal City. The thousand pillar temple is constructed by Rudra Deva of Kakaitya Dynasty.
Lord Vishnu, Lord Shiva and Lord Surya Deva are the presiding deities of the temple.
Thousand Pillar Temple, Warangal (Source: Google) Warangal Gate,(Source :Google)
Warangal Fort: Stand as the reminiscence of Kakatiya rulers, This fort is one of the most important heritage monument of the state. The carved arches, pillars and the decorated gateways are amazing architectural features of Kakatiyas, which can be still found here.
Ramappa Temple: This temple reflects the Kakatiya Architecture, which is known for its sculptor Ramappa. The period of construction dates back to AD1213.
Dhulikatta, Nelakondappilli: These are the prominent Buddhist sites in the state. Remains of Stupas, Viharas, cisterns, wells are unearthed during excavations.
Dichppalli Ramalayam: It was constructed during 14th century, this temple is an architectural splendour in stone. This temple is believed to have been constructed by the Kakatiya kings. The side elevations of the temple has numerous erotic sculptures. The walls also contains sculptures of gods, goddesses, animals etc.
Museums in Hyderabad : Salarjung and State Archaeological Museum .
4.1.4 Spiritual
Bhadrachalam: Bhadrachalam is one of the sacred shrines of India and it is associated with the epic Ramayan. It is believed that Lord Sri Ram, Sita Devi and Lakshman visited Bhadrachal during the period of their Vanvasa. Legends say that, it was here Lord Ram built his Parnasala, and Ravan abducted Sita Devi from here. According to legends, Sage Bhadra was blessed by Lord Ram and whoever devotees visit this place will get the blessings of Lord Ram.
Jainath Temple: It is located in Jainath, 30 k.m. away from the district head quarters of Adilabad. The ancient inscriptions prove that this temple was constructed during the
Pallava rulers. The temple architecture style is different from other temples in south India and it resembles Jain style.
Mecca Masjid: it is situated at south west of Charminar in Hyderabad. Sultan Muhammad Qutub Shah started its construction, but the work was completed by Mughal Ruler Aurangzeb. The masjid is modelled after Mecca, hence it is popularly called as Mecca Masjid. It can accommodate approximately 10000 devotees at a time.
Peddamma Temple: Situated at Jubilee Hills in Hyderabad, it is one of the most revered temple. Bonalu (a tradition) is celebrated every Sunday in this temple, and scores of pilgrims gather here to seek the blessings of Peddamma.
Ujjaini Mahakali Temple: Situated at Secunderabad, it is a very popular temple among devotees. The legends say that this temple is constructed in memory of the epidemic Cholera (which killed thousands of people at that time) controlled by the powers of Goddess Mahakali.
Sammakka Saralamma Temple, Warangal: This temple is built in memory of two tribal women who voiced against imposition of tax system by the rulers on the community. The Koya community constructed this temple in 12th century in respect of this two women lost their life against the rulers in the battle. Every year Sammakka Saralamma Jatra takes place here, which is one of the largest tribal festival that last for 12 days.
Medak Church : This massive cathedral was built in 1914. High walls, huge windows with glass paintings and the Gothic revival style.
Yadagirigutta: Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple is one of the most popular temples in Telangana. It is situated in Nalgonda District. According to legends, Lord Narasimha (incarnation of Lord Vishnu) appeared to Yadarishi in Tretayuga.
4.1.5 Seasonal
Bathukamma : A colourful festival mainly celebrated by women. It is celebrated before the onset of winter every year. During the festival the women folk arrange flowers beautifully, sing folk songs and move towards water body to immerse the Boddemma (representation of Goddess Durga). Sweet dishes are also prepared at home and shared among the family members.
Bonalu: This festival is celebrated during the month of Ashadam, across Telangana. This festival is considered as thanks giving to the Goddess towards the fulfilment of vows.
Bonam means meal in Telugu which is offered to the Goddess. Rice cooked with jaggery and milk, decorated with neem leaves, turmeric and vermillion is presented to the Goddess
Medaram Jatara/Sammakka Sarakka Jatra: It is celebrated in Medaram, a small town in Jayashanker Bhoopalpally district which is held in every two years. It is one of the largest congregation of tribal people.
Krishna Pushkaram: It is a festival of River Krishna celebrated in once in 12 years, celebrated on the river banks. The last Krishna Pushkaram was held in 2016. This festival was observed in Karnatka, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.
Godavari Pushkaram was also celebrated in 2016 on the banks of River Godavari in different districts. This festival is observed once in 12 years.
4.1.6 Wildlife sanctuaries
Ettunagaram Sanctuary: Spread over an area of 806 km, it is situated 110 km from Warangal.
Kawal Sanctury: This Sanctuary is situated in Adilabad District (Approx. 250 km away from Hyderabad). It is an excellent picnic spot to see animals of different species.
Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve It is the largest tiger reserve in India spread over five districts of Andhra Pradesh. The gorges, valleys and the hills located along the
course of River Krishna offers a breath taking view. It is situated 130 km from Hyderabad
Kinnarasani Wildlife sanctuary: It is situated in the river delta of Godavari in Khammam District. Animals and birds of different species are found here
4.2 Shopping/Souvenirs/Handicrafts:
Shopping/
Souvenir options
Design/Material name and District
Description
Bangles Laad Bazar, Hyderabad Bangles of different colours and types
Pearls Pearls of Hyderabad are world
famous Jewelleries
Bidriware
Paintings Nirmal Unique style of paintings
Soft Toys Toys made of wood, saw dust
Dokra Metal Crafts Adilabad Metal casting products
Lacquer ware Etikopakka Application of lacquer on
wood.
4.3 Food/Cuisines
Most of the food items found in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh are common. But the most popular among them is Hyderabadi Cuisine. Various delicious dishes suites to the tastes of vegetarian and non-vegetarian people. Hyderabadi Biryani is one of the sought after food of Hyderabad. Telangana is also known for hot and spicy dishes. Items
prepared of millets, maize, wheat and rice and lentils are included in the menu. Vankaya brinjal pulusu, arintikaya banana pulusu or vepudu, palakoora (spinach dish with lentils),boti, thunti koora (prepared using red sorrel leaves), sarva pindi (spicy pancake eaten for breakfast) are some popular dishes of the region.
Vegetable curries include tomato kura, salla charu, dosakaya pappu, pachi pulusu among other dishes.
Haleem is a special non vegetarian dish prepare during the Ramzan season which can only be found at Hyderabad.
The Irani Cafés of Hyderabad
There are a number of Irani cafes in Hyderabad. These cafes serve tea made of milk and sugar along with salt biscuits are very popular hang outs of people.
4.4 Events/MICE
Hyderabad has been recognized as one of the best cities in India with MICE potential.
Modern Convention centres and hotels, international airport and the multi-model transport facilities, amenities for business tourists attract event management companies to Hyderabad. International facilities and services by Sofitel, Mercury, Taj, Radisson, ITC, chains etc. ensure the supporting system to hold largescale events.
5.0 KARNATAKA ( Tourism marketing tagline: One state, many worlds)
Earlier known the State of Mysore, it was renamed as Karnataka in 1973. The state is bordered by Goa, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. The state is having abundant natural resources and historical importance. The state was part of Mauryan Empire, then Satavahanas rule, followed by Kadambas, Western Chalukyas, Hoysalas and Vijayanagara. The state is broadly divided in to three regions viz. Uttara Kannada, Karavali and Dakshin Kanara Major rivers of Karanataka are Krishna, Tungabhadra, Sharavati and Cauveri, which contribute immensely to the agricultural prosperity of the state, while it equally contribute to the tourism development of the state.
There are several very renowned tourist attractions which attract large number of tourists.
The state has a range of tourism products ranging from natural attractions, heritage, religious, adventure, rural, ethnic, cultural and modern cities like Bengaluru. A study of the tourism offering of the state will help us to understand more about the state and its tourism scenario.
5.1 Popular Attractions
Bengaluru: Bengaluru (popularly known as Garden City or Bangalore is the administrative and commercial capital of Karnataka. The city is one of the most important centre of IT industry of our country. Electronic City in Bengaluru is the hub of major IT companies, but a large number of start ups function from various suburban areas. The city has a number of parks such as Cubbon Park, Lal Bagh. Ranadheera Kanteerava Park, Kariappa Park etc. The Vidhan Soudha, The Karnataka High Court, Bangalore Palace and Tippu Sulthan’s Palace are examples impressive architectural features.
Coorg: Coorg is located on the edges of the Western Ghats. Coorg is mainly known for its ethnic identity of people, Coorg Coffee and the hill ranges of Western Ghat. The biodiversity and attractive climatic features draw large number of tourists to Coorg.
Hampi: Hampi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the prominent heritage sites of India. The grandeur of ruins of Vijayanagara empire scattered over the area resembles the glorious past and the skill of craftsman. Virupaksha Temple, Vittalaswami Temple complex (The stone chariot), Lotus Mahal, Jain Temples and other ruins located near to Hampi give an enchanting experience of the vibrant cultural heritage of India.
Vittala Swamy Temple, Hampi, (Source :Google) Virupaksha Temple, Hampi, (Source: Google)
Mysuru: Mysuru is known for a variety of reasons. The Dusshera festival of Mysore brought international fame to the city. During the days of Dussehra celebrations, the city is decorated with flowers and coulourful lights, exhibitions and trade fairs are held at various grounds in the city. The Dussehra procession is the high light of the events, in which the idol of the Goddess Chamundeswari is seated in a golden mandapa on a caparisoned elephant. Mysore Palace, Vrindanvan, Zoo and the Chamundi Hills attract large number of tourists.
Shravanabelagola: It is situated at Channarayapatna in Hassan District, approximately 158 k.m. from Bengaluru. The statue of Gommetteswara Bahubali of 10 century AD is the main attraction here and this place is one of the most important pilgrimage centres of Jain community. It is believed that Chandragupta Maurya became a Jain monk in his later stage of life, and died at this place (298 BC).
Bandipur National Park: This tiger reserve is attracts large number of visitors. It is located near to Mysuru. Safaris, nature walks and study camps are frequently organised by the Dept. of Forests to sensitize people.
5.2 Natural Attractions Riverside
(a) The Kabani river side offers pristine natural beauty to the visitors. The bamboo groves and the forest side, rains and mist etc. and the hills of Western Ghats provide everlasting experience to Visitors.
(b) Talakaveri. The origin point of Cauveri is another attractive point to visit
Important Hill stations
Agumbe: Located in Shivamoga district, Agumbe is an emerging destination. It is also called ‘Chirrapunji of South’ as it gets good rainfall during monsoon.
Kodajadri: Declared as a natural heritage site by Government of Karnatka. Kodachadri is a mountain peak, surrounded by dense forest ranges of Western Ghats. Adi Shankara believed to have visited this place and meditated at this place.
Kudremukh: Kudremukh is a mountain range and the peak in the shape of Horse face.
Once known for mining, this park was declared as a national park considering the ecological importance of the area. Kudremukh National Park comes under Global Tiger Conservation Priority-I. The park is spread over Chikmaglur, Udupi and Dakshin Kannada districts.
Nandi Hills: The hills are situated at an altitude of 1479 meters above sea level in Chikkaballapur district. There is an old Nandi Temple (approx.. 1300 years old) on the hills, and the fort of Tippu Sultan.
B R Hills: It is situated at Chamarajnagar district in South Eastern Karnataka. BR Hills links Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats. Nearest city is Mysore (approx.. 80 km).
Chikmagallur: It is well known hill station in southern India. Believed that the origin of Coffee plantation started from here. It is a green paradise nestled with hills, valleys and streams.
Beaches
Malpe: Located close to Udupi, it is one of the pristine natural beaches of Karnataka.
Karwar: It is an unexplored destination. This beach is known for its calm waters and golden sand. Sadashivgad Fort, Durga Temple and a church of octagonal shape are the main features of this place.
Gokarna: The beach at Gokarna is called as Om Beach due its shape. Cliffs separate the five beaches of Gokarna. It is situated south of Karwar.
Suratkal: It is located 14 km north of Mangalore.
St. Mary’s Island: This Island is located in Arabian Sea approximately 6 km from Malpe Beach. It is geologically important due to the salt rock formations
Waterfalls
Jog Falls: it is the second highest waterfall located in Shivamoga district. The river Sharavati falls
from here at a height of 253 meters.
5.3 Wildlife
Rajiv Gandhi National Park, Nagarhole: Nagarhole in Kannada means ‘Snake River’
because the river Kabani flowing through this area appears like a snake. This national park is connecting Bandipur National Park and Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary. The backdrop of Brahmagiri Mountains, this national park is an example of the fragile eco system of the western ghats. This national park is also known for the Asiatic Elephant.
Bannargatta National Park: This national park is situated at Bengaluru city itself. Spread over an area of 25000 acres, it is the home for panthers, lions, tigers and a variety of birds. It is one of the highly visited national parks of Karnataka as it is situated within the city limits.
Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary: situated very near to Srirangapatna (near to Mysuru), the Cauveri river creates a number of small islands. These islands are the home for a variety of birds and many of them are seasonal visitors.
5.4 Heritage
Halebeedu : Halebeedu It was called as Dwarasamudra and second capital of Hoysalas.
The city got its name after Malik Cafur attacked this place and destroyed it. Hoysalswara Temple is believed to be built by Vishnuvardhana, 12th Century A.D. and this is the only monument survived the attacks.
Bijapur: It was once the capital of Adil Shahi Dynasty of Deccan Sulthans (Bahmini Sultanate). Bijapur is dotted with Mosques, mausoleums, palaces and fortifications. Gol Gumbaz is one of the iconic landmark of the city.
Badami (Vatapi): It was once the capital of Western Chalukyas during 6th Century A.D.
Badami is known for the rock cut structural temples. The Badami Caves have ancient inscriptions, sculptures and paintings. Bhootnath Temple, Dattatreya Temple, Mallikarjuna Temple are the famous monuments here. Aihole-Badami-Pattadakkal are together called as the cradle of Indian Architecture.
Pattadakkal: It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was considered as a holy place during the Chalukya Period. There are several temples belong to Chalukya period can be found here. Among all temples, Virupaksha Temple is the largest one. As most of the temples are dedicated to Lord Shiva, which signifies the Shaivite tradition found in this place during the Chalukya period.
Aihole: Temples at Aihole indicate early Chalukyan period architecture. Durga Temple in Aihole is a master piece of temple architecture. Other temples include Lad Khan Temple, Mallikarjuna Temple, Hucchimalligudi, Basavanna Temple etc. The sculptures represent the perfectness of the craftsman, who visualized and completed the iconic sculptures of Gods and Goddess in the walls of these temples.
Durga Temple, Aihole, (Source: Google)
Belooru: Belooru is known for Channakeshavaswamy temple, which is one of the best known example of temple architecture in India. Walls decorated with dancing figures, birds, animals showcase this holy place as a very important monument at one point of time in history. This temple is one of the finest example of Hoysala Architecture.
Srirangapatna: Srirangapatna is situated close to Mysuru. This place is religiously very important as the Ranganathaswamy Temple is the presiding deity of the temple which marks Vaishnavite dominance in the region. Another importance of this place is, it still has the ruins of Tippu Sultan’s Fort. This place was used as the capital during the rule of Hyder Ali and Tippu Sultan. According to the history Tippu Sultan fought with British and martyred here.
Bidar: Once Bidar was the capital of Bahmini Dynasty. Mauryas, Satavahanas, Kadambas, Chalukyas, Rashtrakuta ruled here. Later Alaudin Khilji and Muhammadbin Tuglaq controlled this region. Later Bahmini Sultanate was established and the rulers used Bidar as their Capital. Mosques, Mausoleums and Palaces still retains the history of the Bahmini rulers.
5.5 Spiritual /Religious
Bylekuppa : It is one of the Tibetan settlements in India at a distance of 230 km from Bengaluru. Mahayana Buddhist University is situated here. Monasteries teach Buddhism and Tibetan monks can be seen at this place. Tibetan handicrafts, art etc. can be purchased as souvenirs.
Banashankari: It is on the way to Badami. The presiding deity of the temple is Banashankari (another name of Goddeds Parvati). This temple is in Dravidian Style. It is highly revered by the people of weaver community. The annual temple festival attracts thousands of pilgrims to this place.
Sringeri: Located in Chikmagalur, it is believed that Adishankara visited this place during his pilgrimage to different tirthas. Shankarachaya established the first of the four Amnaya Peethams. The Vidyashankara temple situated at Sringeri is an architectural wonder.
Manjunatha Temple, Dharmasthala: This place is also known as a Jain Pilgrimage Centre. It is situated 65 km away from Mangalore.
Kukke Subramanya Swamy Temple is located 105 km away from Mangalore. It is believed that the Serpant King Vasuki sought refuge in Lord Subramanya from Garuda at this place.
Gokarna : This coastal town is considered as a centre of Sanskrit learning and an important pilgrimage centre. Mahabaleshwara Temple, Venkataramana Temple, Koti Theertha are the important shrines here.
St. Philomenas Cathedral, Mysuru: It resembles the Cologne Cathedral built in 1933. The architectural style is Gothic, with tall towers and painted glass windows inwhich stories of Bible are printed.
Udupi: Srikrishna Temple draws large number of pilgrims every day. This place is also associated with Madhavacharya, famous Sanskrit scholar, philosopher and proponent of Vaishnavite philosophy.
Talacauvery: The origin point of Cauvery is treated with great reverence. It is located at Madikeri, Coorg
Kollur Mookambika Temple: This temple is one of the most important temple of Goddess Saraswati. It is situated approximately 130 km from Mangalore. It is believed that Mookambika appeared to Adi Shankara and he installed the goddess image at this temple.
Moodabidri: It is one of the very popular pilgrimage centre of Jain pilgrims. There are 18 Jain Basadis here. It is 34 km from Mangalore.
5.6 Seasonal/Events/Festivals and fairs
Dussehra Festival (Mysuru): Dussehra festival is a renowned celebration of Mysuru.
During this time trade fairs, exhibitions and traditional competitions are held at different places in the city. Mysuru Palace is decorated with colourful lights and the entire streets are decorated with flowers where the procession pass through. Folk performances, tableaux and traditional music and dance accompany the procession. Common people get a rare opportunity to see the Royal Family of Mysuru during this time.
Dussehra Festival, Mysuru The procession, and the illuminated palace (Source: Google)
Mahamastakabhisheka: It is held at Shravanabelagola once in twelve years. It is a very important Jain Festival. During this time, devotees from across the world throng to Shravanabelagola to perform various rituals and being part of the Abhishekas. Milk, sugar cane juice, vermillion, turmeric, sandalwood paste etc. are applied to the statue of Gommeteshwara Bahubali. The festivities end with the showering of flowers, gold petals and coins. The last event was held in 2006.
Bengaluru also hosts the annual air show during February every year. It is attended by aircraft manufacturers and flying clubs. The show highlights the advancements in aviation, defence engineering, airport infrastructure and indigenous technologies in aviation sector.
Kambala: It is a farmers sporting event celebrated at the coastal and rural areas. Race of the cattle (Ox) is organised and some occasions along with the plough.
Other major festivals include Ayudhapuja (observed on Mahanavami), Ugadi, the Kannada New Year, Shivratri, Makarsankranti etc.
5.7 Adventure/Unexplored
The state also offers immense opportunities for adventure opportunities. River rafting, trekking, racing, rock climbing, bird watching, safaris, rural tourism etc. some of the interesting spots are given below.
River rafting: Kabani, Sitanadi (Agumbe), Sharavati.
Trekking: The hill ranges of western ghats, Brahmagiri, Gokarna, Kotajadri, Mullayanagiri etc.
Bird watching: The national parks and wildlife sanctuaries of Karnatka provides immense opportunities
Rural tourism: Rural areas known for farming and indigenous community (Banks of Kabani, Coorg, villages of Dakshin Kanara), the grape farms Bangalore, the Sugarcane farms etc
5.8 Shopping/Souvenirs and Handicrafts
Shopping/
Souvenir options
Design/Material name and District
Sandal products Mysuru
Silk Mysuru
Silverfare/Filigiree Bidar
Metal images Bijapur, Chikmaglur, Chitradurga
Shravanabelagola, Mysuru
Folk painting Gulberga, Tumkur, Mysuru, Karwar
Pottery and Clay, Terracota Raichur, Bellari, Kundapur, Mangaluru, Kodagu
Tibettan Carpet Kodagu, Mysuru, Dharwar
Grasscraft Uttara Kannada, Mandya, Mysuru,
Managaluru, Kangeri,
Textile Gulbarga, Raichur, Bijapur, Dharwar, Bellary
Furniture Shivamoga
Jewellery Udupi, Uttara Kannada
Metalware panchloha
Bengaluru
Toys Channapatna
5.9 Cuisines
Karnataka has many ethnic communities. People from different places have been living in this state for many years and Bengaluru has been recognised as a Cosmopolitan city in terms of its cultural features. Rice is the main food and coconut is used in curries and chutneys. In addition to this there are ethnic communities living in Coastal Karnataka
(people s peaking Konkani), People of Coorg region, Tibetans etc. have their own cuisine styles. In general people have popular South Indian dishes such as Idli, Dosa, Uttappam, Rice etc.
Udupi is known for its idli (Udupi hotel chain provides authentic South Indian food at many cities)
Mangaluru, Kundapura, Karwar etc. is known for Konkani food. (Rice varieties, Fish and vegetables)
Coorg known for non-vegetarian dishes, Coorg coffee. North Karnataka, people use Jowar to make roti and chapatis. Ragi is widely used in South Karnataka. The popular sweet dishes include Mysore Pack, Kheers, Ombettu etc.
5.10 Dance, Music and Folk Arts
Karnataka is known for classical music, folk arts and different folk arts. Carnatic music exponents include Purandara Dasa was one of the legends of Karnatic Music born in Shivamoga district of Karnataka. Bharatnatyam is one of the most followed classical dance events in Karnataka. The folk traditions include Yakshagana, Dollu Kunita, (Togalu Gombeyaata) puppetry, Somana Kunita, Karadimajal, Gaarudi Gombe etc.
