fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ds vFkZ fyf[k, ,oa okD; ç;ksx dhft,&
¼1½ e`nqy
¼2½ ikr
¼3½ ?kkV
¼4½ çR;w"k
fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa esa fo'ks"k.k vkSj fo'ks"; dks igpku dj fyf[k,&
dksey xkr] e`nqy olar gjs&gjs ;s ikr] fufnzr dfy;ksa
olar dks ^_rqjkt* D;ksa dgk tkrk gS\
ß_rq ifjorZu dk thou ij xgjk çHkko iM+rk gSÞ& bl dFku dh iqf"V vki fdu&fdu ckrksa ls dj ldrs gSa\ fyf[k,A
dfo iq"iksa dh ^raæk* vkSj ^vkyL;* nwj gVkus ds fy, D;k djuk pkgrk gS\
i|ka'k dks i<+dj ç'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k,&
¼d½ dfo vkSj dfork dk uke fyf[k,A
¼[k½ dfo fdUgsa txkuk pkgrk gS\
¼x½ dfo dks ,slk D;ksa fo'okl gS fd mldk var dHkh ugha gksxk\
^olar* 'kCn dk vFkZ fy[kdj ^olar* _rq ij ,d fp= cukb,A
cnyw ds eu esa ,slh dkSu&lh O;Fkk Fkh tks ys[kd ls fNih uk jg ldh\
e'khuh ;qx ls cnyw ds thou esa D;k cnyko vk;k\
oLrq fofue; D;k gS\ fofue; dh çpfyr i)fr D;k gS\
fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dk vius okD; esa ç;ksx dhft,&
lyk[k ¼2½ [kir
eqaxjh ¼4½ ixM+h
vki viuh fdlh ;k=k ds [kês ehBs vuqHko dks ;kn djrs gq, ,d ys[k fyf[k,A la[;kokpd ,oa xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k ds nks&nks mnkgj.k fyf[k,A
uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa ds vFkZ fy[kdj mudk okD; ç;ksx dhft,&
fufeÙk] bÙksQkd] ç;k.k] csrkch
^nhokuksa dh gLrh* dfork ds dfo dk uke D;k gS\ dfo us bl dfork esa fdlds ckjs esa fy[kk gS\
dfo us vius vkus dks ^mYykl* vkSj tkus dks ^vkalw* cgdj cg tkuk D;ksa dgk gS\
uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk vFkZ fy[kdj vius 'kCnksa esa okD; ç;ksx dhft,&
1½ gLrh &
2½ LoPNan &
3½ fHk[keaxksa&
i= dks [kr] dkxn] mÙkje] tkcw] dfMn] ikrh] fpëh bR;kfn dgk tkrk gSA bu 'kCnksa ls lacaf/kr Hkk"kkvksa ds uke crkvksA
^i=* tSlk larks"k Qksu ;k ,l,e,l dk lans'k D;ksa ugha ns ldrk\
i= ys[ku dh dyk ds fy, D;k&D;k ç;kl gq, fyf[k,\
i= /kjksgj gks ldrs gSa ysfdu ,l,e,l D;ksa ugha\ rdZ lfgr viuk fopkj fyf[k,A
eku yhft, vkidks ,d i{kh dks lans'kokgd cukdj i= Hkstuk gks rks vki og i= fdls Hkstuk pkgsaxs vkSj mlesa D;k fy[kuk pkgsaxs\
'kqYd ekQh ds fy, ç/kkuk/;kid dks ,d i= fyf[k,A
ikuh dh leL;k ds fujkdj.k ds fy, xzke ç/kku dks ,d i= fyf[k,A ^bd~* izR;; ds ;ksx ls cuus okys 'kCnksa dks ikB;iqLrd ls [kkstdj fyf[k,A ^johUæ* 'kCn esa dkSu lh laf/k gSA laf/k foPNsn dj le>kb,A
nh?kZ laf/k ds 10 mnkgj.k foPNsn lfgr crk,¡A
uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk vFkZ fy[kdj mudk vius 'kCnksa esa okD; ç;ksx dhft,&
¼1½ vgfe;r
¼2½ ç'kfLr&i=
¼3½ eqLrSn
¼4½ gjdkjk
dfo jke/kkjh flag us ^i{kh vkSj ckny* dks Hkxoku ds Mkfd, D;ksa crk;k gS\
^i{kh vkSj ckny* }kjk ykbZ xbZ fpfë;ksa dks dkSu&dkSu i<+ ikrs gSa\ lkspdj fyf[k,A
ß,d ns'k dh /kjrh nwljs ns'k dks lqxa/k Hkstrh gSÞ& dFku dk Hkko Li"V dhft,A
fuEufyf[kr i|ka'k dk HkkokFkZ fyf[k,&
ys[kd gtkjh çlkn f}osnh us vius ys[k dk 'kh"kZd ^D;k fujk'k gqvk tk,* D;ksa j[kk gksxk\ D;k vki blls Hkh csgrj 'kh"kZd lq>k ldrs gSa\
vkn'kksaZ dh ckrsa djuk rks cgqr vklku gS ij mu ij pyuk cgqr dfBu gSA D;k vki bl ckr ls lger gSa\ rdZ lfgr mÙkj nhft,A
vktdy cgqr ls lekpkj i= ;k lekpkj pSuy ^nks"kksa dk inkZQ+k'k* dj jgs gSaA bl çdkj ds lekpkjksa ij dk;ZØeksa dh lkFkZdrk ij rdZ lfgr fopkj fyf[k,A vkids liuksa dk Hkkjr dSlk gksuk pkfg,\ fyf[k,A
}U} lekl dk vFkZ crk,¡\ }U} lekl ds nl mnkgj.k fyf[k,A
uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa ds vFkZ fyf[k, vkSj vius 'kCnksa esa ç;ksx djrs gq, okD;
cukb,&
¼1½ /keZHkh#
¼2½ inkZQk'k
¼3½ xarO;
¼4½ <k¡<l
uhps nh xbZ dforka'k dk HkkokFkZ fy[krs gq, lacaf/kr ç'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,&
¼1½ bl dfork ,oa dfo dk uke crkb,\
¼2½ bl dfork dks /;ku ls if<+, vkSj viuh dYiuk ls ,d lqanj fp=
cukb,A
ß;g dfBu le; ugha gS\Þ ;g crkus ds fy, dfork esa dkSu&dkSu ls rdZ çLrqr fd, gSa\ Li"V dhft,A
^;g lcls dfBu le; ugha gS* bl dfork esa fpfM+;k pksap esa frudk nckdj mM+us dh rS;kjh esa D;ksa gS\ og frudksa dk D;k djrh gksxh\ Li"V dhft,A
uhps fn, x, nksgs dk HkkokFkZ fyf[k,&
tkfr u iwNks lk/k dh] iwN yhft, KkuA eksy djks ryokj dk] iM+k jgu nks E;kuAA
^ryokj dk egRo gksrk gS E;ku dk ugha*& mä mnkgj.k ls dfo D;k dguk pkgrs gSa\ Li"V dhft,A
dchj ds nksgksa dks lk[kh D;ksa dgk tkrk gS\
uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk vFkZ fy[kdj mudk okD; ç;ksx dhft,&
1½ lqfeju 2½ cSjh 3½ vk;
^dkepksj* dgkuh D;k lans'k nsrh gS\
Hkjk&iwjk ifjokj dSls lq[kn cu ldrk gS vkSj dSls nq%[kn\ dkepksj dgkuh ds vk/kkj ij fu.kZ; dhft,A
?kj ds lkekU; dke gksa ;k vius futh dke] çR;sd O;fä dks viuh {kerk ds vuqlkj mUgsa djuk D;ksa vko';d gS\
^dkepksj* dgkuh esa ,d le`) ifjokj ds Å/keh cPpksa dk fp=.k gSA vkids vuqeku ls mudh vknr D;ksa fcxM+h gksxh\ mUgsa Bhd <ax ls jgus ds fy, vki D;k D;k lq>ko nsuk pkgsaxs\
^dkepksj* dgkuh ,dy ifjokj dh dgkuh gS ;k la;qä ifjokj dh\ bu nksuksa rjg ds ifjokjksa esa D;k&D;k varj gksrs gSa\
cM+s gksrs cPps fdl çdkj ekrk&firk ds lg;ksxh gks ldrs gSa vkSj fdl çdkj Hkkj\ dkepksj dgkuh ds vk/kkj ij vius fopkj O;ä dhft,A
vki viuh fnup;kZ ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls fyf[k,A blesa vki D;k&D;k lq/kkj ykuk pkgrs gSa\ foLrkj ls crkb,A
uhps c‚Dl esa fn, x, milxksZa ls ikap&ikap 'kCn cukb,A
igyk cksyrk flusek cukus ds fy, fQYedkj vnsZf'kj ,e- jkuh dks çsj.kk dgk¡
ls feyh\ mUgksaus fQYe vkye vkjk ds fy, vk/kkj dgk¡ ls fy;k\ fopkj O;ä dhft,A
tc igyh igyh cksyrh fQYe vkye vkjk çnf'kZr gqbZ rks mlds iksLVjksa ij dkSu&dkSu ls okD; Nkis x,\ ml fQYe esa fdrus psgjs Fks\ Li"V dhft,A Mc fQYesa fdls dgrs gSa\ dHkh dHkh fQYeksa esa vfHkusrk ds eqag [kksyus vkSj
vkokt esa varj vk tkrk gSA bldk dkj.k D;k gks ldrk gS\
^milxZ* vkSj ^çR;;* ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\ milxZ vkSj çR;; ;qä ikap&ikap mnkgj.k fyf[k,A
uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk vk'k; fyf[k,&
1½ lokd~ fQYe 2½ iVdFkk 3½ laokn 4½ ik'oZxk;d 5½ fMLd Q‚eZ
lqnkek dh nhu n'kk ns[kdj Jh—".k dh D;k euksn'kk gqbZ\ vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
ßi¡wNr ik¡Ms fQjs lc lksa] ij >ksiM+h dks dgq¡ [kkst u ik;ksAÞ iafä esa of.kZr Hkko dks vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
ßvkxs puk xq#ekrq n, rs] y, rqe pkfc gesa ugha nhusA
¼d½ mi;qä iafä dkSu] fdlls dg jgk gS\
¼[k½ bl f'kdk;r ¼mikyEHk½ ds ihNs dh dgkuh crkb,A
¼x½ mä iafä ds dfo dk D;k uke gS\
}kjdk ls [kkyh gkFk ykSVrs le; lqnkek ekxZ esa D;k&D;k lksprs tk jgs Fks\
og —".k ds O;ogkj ls D;ksa [kha> jgs Fks\ lqnkek ds eu dh nqfo/kk dks vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
fu/kZurk ds ckn feyus okyh laiUurk dk fp=.k ^lqnkek pfjr* dfork dh vafre iafä;ksa esa of.kZr gSA mls vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
dYiuk dhft,& vkidk dksbZ vfHkUu fe= vkils cgqr o"kksaZ ckn feyus vk, rks vkidks dSlk vuqHko gksxk\
vfr'k;ksfä vyadkj dk D;k vFkZ gksrk gS\
^fe=rk* ij dksbZ ,d nksgk fyf[k,A
uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk vFkZ fyf[k, vkSj vius 'kCnksa esa okD; ç;ksx dhft,&
1½ ixk 2½ >¡xk 3½ nqiVh 4½ iugh 5½ iqydfu
vkids fopkj ls ys[kd us ^tgk¡ ifg;k gS* 'kh"kZd D;ksa j[kk gksxk\
^lkbfdy vkanksyu* ls iqMqdksV~VbZ dh efgykvksa ds thou esa dkSu&dkSu ls cnyko vk, gSa\
vxj nqfu;k ds lkjs ifg, gM+rky dj nsa rks D;k gksxk\
eku yhft, vki ,d laoknnkrk gSaA vkidks 8 ekpZ 1992 ds fnu iqMqdksêkbZ esa gqbZ ?kVuk dk lekpkj rS;kj djuk gSA ikB esa nh xbZ lwpukvksa vkSj viuh dYiuk ds vk/kkj ij ,d lekpkj rS;kj dhft,A
uhps fn, x, milxksZa dk ç;ksx djrs gq, muls rhu&rhu 'kCn cukb,&
ykyk >kÅyky dks cs<axk yksVk fcYdqy ilan ugha FkkA fQj Hkh mUgksaus pqipki yksVk ys fy;kA vkids fopkj ls os pqi D;ksa jgs\ vius fopkj fyf[k,A
D;k gksrk ;fn&
vaxzst yksVk [kjhnrkA
2- ;fn vaxzst iqfyl dks cqyk nsrkA
3- tc fcyoklh viuh iRuh ds xys ls pkch fudky jgs Fks] rHkh mudh iRuh tkx tkrh\
fcyoklh us ftl çdkj ls #i;ksa dk çca/k fd;k Fkk] og lgh Fkk ;k xyr\
vius fopkj fyf[k,A
ckyd Jh—".k fdl yksHk ls nw/k ihus ds fy, rS;kj gq, Fks\
Jh—".k viuh pksVh ds fo"k; esa D;k&D;k lksp jgs Fks\
eD[ku pwlrs vkSj [kkrs le; Jh—".k FkksM+k lk eD[ku fc[kjk D;ksa nsrs gSa\
Jh—".k ds fy, ik¡p i;kZ;okph 'kCn fyf[k,A uhps fn, 'kCnksa ds foykse in fyf[k,&
fnu --- 'osr --- 'khr ---
ys[kd dks vksl dh cw¡n dgk¡ feyh\
gkbMªkstu vkSj v‚Dlhtu dks ikuh us viuk iwoZt D;ksa dgk\
^ikuh dh dgkuh* ds vk/kkj ij ikuh ds tUe vkSj thou ;k=k dk o.kZu vius 'kCnksa esa dhft,A
leqæ ds rV ij cls uxjksa esa vf/kd BaM vkSj vf/kd xehZ D;ksa ugha iM+rh\
ckt vkSj lk¡i dgkuh ds ys[kd dkSu gSa\ ys[kd us viuh dgkuh dk uke ckt vkSj lk¡i D;ksa j[kk\ vius fopkj O;ä dhft,A
ckt ftanxh Hkj vkdk'k esa gh mM+rk jgk fQj ?kk;y gksus ds ckn Hkh og mM+uk D;ksa pkgrk Fkk\
ckt ds fy, ygjksa us xhr D;ksa xk;k Fkk\
uhps fn, x, eqgkojksa dk vFkZ fyf[k, vkSj vius 'kCnksa esa okD; ç;ksx dhft,&
¼1½ flj pdjkuk
¼2½ çk.kksa dks [krjs esa Mkyuk
¼3½ flj /kquuk
¼4½ çk.kksa dh ckth yxkuk
Vksih cuokus ds fy, xojb;k fdl&fdl ds ikl xbZ\ Vksih cuus ds ,d&,d dk;Z dks fy[ksaA
xojb;k vkSj xojk ds chp fdl ckr ij cgl gqbZ vkSj xojb;k dks viuh bPNk iwjh djus dk volj dSls feyk\
xojb;k ds LoHkko ls çekf.kr gksrk gS fd dk;Z dh lQyrk ds fy, mRlkg vko';d gSA lQyrk ds fy, mRlkg dh vko';drk D;ksa iM+rh gS\ rdZ lfgr fyf[k,A
xojb;k dh Vksih ij nthZ us ikap Qw¡nus D;ksa tM+ fn,\
viuh dYiuk ls Qw¡nus tM+h Vksih igus xojb;k dk fp= cukb, vkSj xojb;k dk dksbZ ,d laokn fyf[k,A
^Hkkjr dh [kkst* fdl iqLrd dk fganh vuqokn gS\ vkSj ;g iqLrd fdlus fy[kh gS\
vgen uxj ds fdys ds canh thou esa usg: th dk dkSu LFkkbZ lgpj jgk\
usg: th us pk¡nchch ds ckjs esa D;k fy[kk gS\
vkids vuqlkj Hkkjr ;wjksi dh rqyuk esa rduhdh fodkl dh nkSM+ esa D;ksa fiNM+
x;k Fkk\
mifu"knksa esa dgk x;k gS fd ß'kjhj LoLFk gks] eu LoPN gks vkSj ru eu nksuksa vuq'kklu esa jgsaAÞ vki vius nSfud fØ;kdykiksa esa bls fdruk ykxw dj ikrs gSa\ fyf[k,A
orZeku le; esa fons'kksa esa Hkkjrh; laL—fr ds dkSu&dkSu ls çHkko ns[ks tk ldrs gSa\ lwph cukb,A
