Acute respiratory infection MD 3

Acute respiratory infection MD 3

year 05.06.2020

داح هيدعت ىسفنت

Definition

 Infection that makes it difficult to breathe normally.

 Infection can affect both your upper and lower respiratory system. The upper respiratory system starts at sinuses and end at vocal chords. While the lower respiratory system starts at vocal chords and ends at lungs. 

 This infection is particularly dangerous for children, older adults, and people with immune system disorders.

Symptoms

The symptoms you experience will be different if it’s a lower or upper respiratory infection. Symptoms can include:

 congestion, either in the nasal sinuses or lungs

 runny nose

 cough

 sore throat

 body aches

 Fatigue

 a fever over 103˚ F (39˚ C) and chills

 difficulty breathing

 dizziness

CAUSES

There are several different causes of acute respiratory infection.

Causes of upper respiratory infection:

 acute pharyngitis

 acute ear infection

 common cold

Causes of lower respiratory infection:

 bronchitis

 pneumonia

 bronchiolitis

Risk factors

 The immune systems of children and older adults are more prone to being affected by viruses.

 Children are especially at risk because of their constant contact with other kids who could be virus carriers.

Children often don’t wash their hands regularly. They are also more likely to rub their eyes and put their fingers in their mouths, resulting in the spread of viruses.

 People with heart disease or other lung problems are more likely to contract an acute respiratory infection.

Anyone whose immune system might be weakened by another disease.

 Smokers also are at high risk and have more trouble recovering.

Diagnosis

 an X-ray or CT scan may be necessary to check the condition of the lungs.

 Lung function tests have been useful as diagnostic tools. 

 Pulse oximetry, also known as pulse ox, can check how much oxygen gets into the lungs.

 take a swab from your nose or mouth, or a sputum sample to check for the type of virus or bacteria causing the disease.

Complications

extremely serious and may result in permanent damage and even death.

They include:

 respiratory arrest, which occurs when the lungs stop functioning

 respiratory failure, a rise in CO2 in your blood caused by your lungs not functioning correctly

 congestive heart failure

PREVENTION

 MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) and pertussis vaccine will substantially lower risk of respiratory infection.

 Other are influenza vaccination  and pneumovax.

PREVENTION

Practice good hygiene:

 Wash hands frequently, especially after public place.

 Always sneeze into the arm of your shirt or in a tissue. It will prevent from spreading infectious diseases.

 Avoid touching your face, especially your eyes and mouth, to prevent introducing germs into your system.

LRTI

URTI

The End with

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