Integrated Control Methods for Safeguarding Archival Materials
Dr. Abduraheem K.
Department of Museology, AMU, ALIGARH
Safeguarding of Archival Material
Its a broad concept beyond the conventional methods of preventive and curative conservation.
It not only deal with care and storage of
organic materials but also all possible methods
including the material conservation into
electronic version e.g. digitization of objects
and offside storage.
Major Challenges
Biological factors
Physical factors
Chemical factors
Pollution
Lack of knowledge regarding preventive conservation
Mishandling
Bionomics of Bookworm Infestation on Archival Materials
continue
Lifecycle of Bookworm
Adult Insect
Why the infestation reoccure
Recurrence of infestation is a major problem.
The fumigation treatment only kill larvae or adult but not affect the eggs. It usually may hatch out into larvae& re infestation starts after one or two months.Physical factors
Biological Factors
Lack of preventive measure
Causes of Deterioration
Causes of Deterioration
Collection more than 100 years old in the library of Oxford University
Professionals Responsibility:
The Preventive Conservation
Professionals of museum, archives and libraries should know the techniques of preventive conservation.
Control Strategies
Integrated pest control
Quarantine strategies for collection
Holistic programme for IPC
Adopt latest technologies
IPC?
Integrated Pest Control (IPC) is the general term used for pest control programs in many museums and other institutions. IPC focuses on preventive and curative techniques using physical and chemical barriers against the pest entry, survival & proliferation.
IPC is a valid operational strategy for managing pest problems.
IPC for any institute employs a variety of
techniques to prevent and solve pest problems
in an efficient and environmentally sound
manner without compromising the safety of
collections, staff or visitors.
Need of IPC
As there is no single method known to scientists who could design for ever lasting sollution to challenge posted
IPC is a constant assessment, to design a program strategy which consist the whole problem of insect pests in an institution and their control.
Components of IPC
Inspection
Identification of problem
Environmental control
Good house keeping
Quarantine treatment
Monitoring
A Holistic View of IPC
STORED COLLECTION TREATED SOIL
INSECT REPELLENT
SERVICE AREA RH = 65%, T= + 22 °C
ABSORBENT STORAGE CABINET
SITE SELECTION CRITERIA
PUBLIC AREA ABSORBENT &
REPELLENTS
LIGHT INTENSITY
ELECTRONIC DEVICES
APPLICATION OF
RADIATIONS
Quarantine Strategy for a Collection
OBJECTOBJECT INSPECTINSPECT OKOK
SUSPECTSUSPECT EVIDENCE OF ACTIVE INFESTATIONEVIDENCE OF ACTIVE INFESTATION INTO MUSEUM OR STOREINTO MUSEUM OR STORE
ISOLATEISOLATE
QUARANTINEQUARANTINE INSPECTINSPECT
OKOK STILL ALIVESTILL ALIVE
TO STORE OR MUSEUMTO STORE OR MUSEUM OKOK
SUSPECT SURVIVALSUSPECT SURVIVAL
INSPECTINSPECT TREATMENTTREATMENT
Advancements in IPC
ADVANCEMENT IN
IPC RESEARCH ON
TRADITIONAL METHODS
APPLICATION OF
RADIATIONS CHEMICAL
TREATMENT
ELECTRONIC DEVICES USE OF
ENZYMES
Treatment Method Comparison
Method Advantages Disadvantages
Freezing Kills adult stages of insects, No harmful
residual effects.
Difficult to kill eggs. Hard to treat large objects labor
intensive.
Ethylene oxide
Kills adult stages of insects.
Harmful to humans. Does not effectively kill eggs.
Has restricted use.
Methyl bromide
Kills adult stages of insects.
Harmful to humans, animal and environment. Has very
restricted use.
Aluminum phosphide
Kills adult stages of insects.
Products harmful
Phosphine. Poisonous. Has restricted use.
Heat Kill adult insects if high enough temperatures are
reached.
Difficult to kill eggs. May alter or damage materials.
Dry cleaning
Kills adult stages of insects.
Difficult to kill eggs. May alter or damage materials.
Non- chemical
Kills adult, larvae and eggs. No harmful residues
left behind. Can treat small and large objects.
Non-damaging to materials being treated.
Traditional Methods
Neem products
Cedar oil
Pyrethrum flower
Clove oil
Tulsi etc
Application of Radiations
Gamma Rays & Microwaves
Both gives good result .
Use of Enzymes
Enzyme based compounds for non-toxic biological control of insects. Enzymes are safe, non-toxic alternatives to pesticides.
How Enzyme Works? Enzyme cleaner digests insect's waxy cuticle on contact and dismantles their exoskeleton-effectively forcing insects into immediate molting in which the protective shell is stripped.
Why Use Enzyme? Enzyme control is non-toxic and safe for people and the environment, pesticides are not. Enzyme is a desirable alternative to pesticide control because it relies on physical biology rather than on toxic substances to achieve success.
Enzyme control is universal in range-all insects are affected by enzyme-enzyme works for any pest problem encountered.
Technical Devices
Building Building
Recording devices Recording
devices
Pavement sensors Pavement
sensors
Embedded sensors Embedded
sensors
Pavement & Embedded Sensors
Embedded sensors can be install on windows, doors and other open parts.
These devices catch out the entry of insect pests on the floor, doors, window and showcases.
Digital Sensor Alarm System
Now a days different types of digital security alarm system are available in market. we can modify it according to our requirement.
Different types of alarm systems helps in recognizing different species of insects.
Insect Pest Trapping Systems
Insect pest can be trapped by these devices. It is easy to install, and gives the outstanding results.
Digitization of Archival Material
Digitalization and Offsite Storage
We have to make the whole archive, into the e- archive (digitalized), So we can safeguard the information and knowledge of the for long period.
In the offsite storage one can store the digitized version of manuscripts in different places including websites. It is helpful in dissemination of knowledge benefited to large number of users.
By using this method we can secure it from different type of destructions..Natural Disasters and Calamities
Earthquake
Flood
Fire
Tsunami
Heavy rain
Acid rain
Conclusion
Integrated pest control: As there is no single method known to scientists who could design for ever lasting solution to challenge posed.
We have to adopt long term strategies and there fore it become imperative to adopt an integrated control methods by using all available methods & techniques, as the use of single methods may become ineffective in long runs because of reoccurrence of infestation.
