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COMPARATIVE STUDY or THE TRENDS or MODERN HINDI AND MALAYALAM SHORT STORIES

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3ITE}F=I?=fi I‘g=a“r afit namatr 5H'Q'TFfiElT aft stgfiazfi an qT>T=lTE1=l'5F arsatra

COMPARATIVE STUDY or THE TRENDS or MODERN HINDI AND MALAYALAM SHORT STORIES

THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE

COCHIN UNIVERSHY OF SCIHVCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE DEGREE OF

DOCTOR OF PHHOSOPHY

K. N NEELAKANTAN NAMPOORI

Supervising Teacher Dr. A. ARAVINDAKSHAN

Reader

DEPARTMENT OF HINDI

COCHIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COCHIN - 682 022

1989

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CER'I‘IFTCI\TE

This is to certify that this thesis is a bonafide record of work carried out by

K.N.NEELAKANTAN NAMPOORI under my supervision

for Ph.D. Degree and no part of this thesis has hitherto been submitted for a degree in

any University.

Department of Hindi, Dr. A.ARAVINDAKSHAN

Cochin University of Reader

Science & Technology (Supervising Teacher)

Cochin—682022

11th October 1989

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2- Indian Literature since Independence — (1973) —

Intror.3ur'.1.-[ion —- K.R.Sreenivasa Iyengar (E‘d.) - p.IX.

(18)

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(28)

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(29)

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1. It is now believed on the basis of extant evidence which can not be qualified as conclusive, that the first ever Malayalam Short—story was 'Vasanavikrithi', attributed to

Kesari Kunhiraman Nayanar and published in the 'Vidyavinodini' of 1891.

— Malayalam Short-stories : An anthology (1976) - Introduction Sukumar Azheekodu - p.IV.

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(30)

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2. 6+. §umq 5T Ea 3uauTau EETET : man 3?? fhFU8 - wnmr — ffifirav I982 — g: 46.

3. The evolution of Malayalam Short story — M.l‘~.chuthan —

Malayalam Literary Survey — January—March, 1979.

(31)

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