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INFERTILITY AND ITS TREATMENTS
(ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTIVE TREATMENT)
Researcher’s Name:
M
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Childbearing is a self-fulfilling prophecy without any outside help or any other artificial means. Pregnancy and childbirth is the greatest event in life of every human being.
Conception is a state when the wife's ovum fuses with the husband's healthy sperm and becomes the
embryo. This
developmental stage is
pregnancy.
Fertilization is a process in which there is a union of sperm with ovum at ampullary part of tube. Fertilization is most likely to occur if intercourse takes place around the time of ovulation, within 48hrs prior to or 24hrs following ovulation. 14 days prior to menstruation is considered to be the ovulation period.
Ovulation is the release of an egg from one of a woman's ovaries. It occurs once in a month and one egg is released every month (occasionally two eggs).After the egg is released, it travels down to the fallopian tube, where fertilization by a sperm cell may occur. Infertile couples are educated to involve in sex during these days. Ovulation typically lasts one day and occurs in the middle of a woman's menstrual cycle, about two weeks (14 days) before she expects to get her period.
What is infertility?
Infertility is defined as the
failure to conceive within one or more years of regular unprotected coitus.
Medical advice should be taken if pregnancy does not occur even after 1 year of sexual life
Infertility is not just one’s own problem, it is
a social problem. Currently, the number of
childless couples worldwide has increased
dramatically. Infertility occurs for a variety of
reasons without specific causes.
A full medical examination is required for infertile couples.
Ultrasonography (USG):
A basal test used to diagnose a woman's uterus, fallopian tube and ovaries to find out the problems they contain.
Sperm are examined for men. Through this, the quantity and quality of the sperm are explored and known for the further treatment.
What are the investigations/tests done for infertility?
Advanced and important investigations for women
Hystero-laparoscopy is a small hole
examination that examines the uterus. A thin
pencil shaped instrument is used to examine
the uterus. It is passed through the stomach
and uterus and detects abnormalities in the
surrounding organs. Some variations
detected are corrected as soon as possible but
some abnormalities should be corrected from
time to time with medical and surgical advice.
Artificial Reproductive Treatments
Once the abnormality is diagnosed the couple is treated according to their deficiency and the treatment regimen tailored based on their needs.
Ovulation Induction
Ovulation induction uses hormonal therapy to stimulate egg development and release. The drugs given in the treatment of ovulation induction is designed to induce ovulation in women who are not able ovulate on their own, typically women with irregular menstrual cycles. The goal of ovulation induction is to induce ovulation to produce a single, healthy egg.
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) The technique of IUI may use either the partner’s sperm or that of a donor sperm. IUI allows the sperm to bypass cervical mucus and reduce immunological incompatibilities by injecting prepared sperm directly into the uterus.
Commonly it is called test-tube baby. It is termed as fusion of ovum and sperm in the test tube and transferring it into uterus. Fertilized ova are returned to the uterus.
Supplemental progesterone is given to the woman to promote implantation. It takes 2-3 weeks of laboratory process take for successful in-vitro fertilization.
In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is a specialised form of In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) that is used primarily for the treatment of severe cases of male-factor infertility. In this method own sperm or donor sperm is used. ICSI involves the injection of a single sperm directly into a mature egg.
Surrogacy involves a woman (the surrogate) carrying a child for another person or couple with the intention of giving the child to that person or couple after birth. It is a process of women lending her uterus for carrying the baby for another woman.
Adoption can be defined as the statutory process of terminating a child's legal rights and duties towards the natural parents and substituting similar rights and duties towards adoptive parents. It is another option besides treatment for infertility.
Surrogate Mother or Gestational Carriers
Adoption of a Baby
Reduce stress, particularly stress related to the issue of becoming pregnant. Commonly infertile couples are affected with anxiety and depression.
As Infertile couples suffer from anxiety and depression attending counseling sessions accordingly will reduced the depression and will get a relaxed feel.
Maintain good nutrition.
Encourage to take folic acid and vegetable, fruits and protein more in diet.
Perform regular breathing exercises to reduce stress and depression.
Avoid tobacco, smoking, drugs, alcohol or any other forms of substance abuse.
Life Style Modifications
Breathing Exercises
Some simple breathing exercises can make a big difference if you
make them part of your regular routine.
Get comfortable. Lie on the back in bed or on the floor with a pillow under the head and knees. Or sit in a chair with shoulders, head, and neck supported against the back of the chair.
Wear a loose and comfortable dress for the breathing exercise.
Take three deep breaths. Continue the same for 10 to 20 minutes slowly. Make the session more interesting with a soft music or a guided imagery voice over.
Breathe in through the nose. Let the abdomen fill with air. As breathing in, feel the abdomen rising up and down.
As breathing in, feel the abdomen rising up and down. The hand on the abdomenshould move more than the one that's on the chest
Place one hand on your abdomen.
Place the other hand on your chest.
You can lie on the floor or sit in a chair according to your comfort.
Close your eyes
